Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

![Source: authors’ own compilation based on Górny, Łuczak 2009, Rosiak 1963, http://www.umozorkow.pl/ [entry: 05.03.14].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6675a7b6dd1c3d1f8713d7b4/j_quageo-2024-0021_fig_003.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=ASIA6AP2G7AKLV32NR4M%2F20260306%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20260306T042357Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBQaDGV1LWNlbnRyYWwtMSJGMEQCIFLvPLXUG%2F3hts6lxVDeg0V1AyLGTBoh%2FZBJE03AWaW8AiAwCQNeUxguJ1o1Jitas%2BZ5SAhFKKSJ2QtON9553XiV0irGBQjd%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAIaDDk2MzEzNDI4OTk0MCIM9X3HGtQI2o7UO%2BS2KpoFxG7ar8PSEQAdM1CFVlXpyDrKaTO5gZJY%2Bb0H6B8LNfpVNgkJOuIe%2B9NLBis8%2Fprsn8bTeVYKPQnvOC41LHTWcNu00sat0gioJHkasLPSMcprw1BFnMAAIIkcI4JhITa4FDgPio7IFd4lhEz2ogrsBS779wlwdLrf1fi7VeAW5cMnqjc5PQVWYOWg80u6bguMBcCG1Mp81p2ra0MdUkI%2FPhw7gZ1WNUQvdI5U6bv10EKlr6JnmK0p8EbJTTEGUzgv%2Bx9DkcpBuy2jqZzEV1ZjNMAweN4ajHAwNjwH8oedNak7aeu57x1sxT3hBWpPvHzcq47OTuF%2BD1xpNlQoj1PDqKa9fpq4pogK8ya6gQiW6vzjFXA4nd7OCH3zFuh7On1kP8FPgbyxIhk1WG2PNbknoEkwc%2F3SgduubLF08fr%2FJQcICro3Euw9Vq3mUdCPOeYukkLR62eklM05iFPKMTf10Nl%2B4kwK5j86nubZ7dLrKrqZ3XTGcL5xSHyHK1SEVrSOtUwGmZaB4F4xbvAywifc53wCTZLLPx4vLOxaBNoAgiDwrCgCsGxuZ8w9l1WKjZDPwRAj0v7H4CRc6mtkKGyE4nhhnxMAjawduoK8Mb%2F3r6CsLyM6%2B29EVfqNynsGb%2BjloIyaEeJ3skvOZjSDEh5%2Fd8ol0VyUWP%2F4N5CjzRtch5k2hYBwPH02cHvRHj38IkcWDCMrffPATh41BYb2yNBwlkGvyIPZm35Kzzy8aTxQsTuVZjQ0eK4z4HVOpjGf3QWHqEwydzcwgo4lRI0YKO7wf3hd1iMCBEmZUwthCEciA4yYOw0ZjXjKTqt%2FMTfL%2BYlIc78YZ5fC6tlcfS%2FiiaeYzofJJ5BVhakioniADVcu9mKBeZvVsj6MrZdBMKSiqc0GOrIBQsAGShH29riYEgAfTNsytPCjtJUJZ2YAqie2KAtXMOfuiFj%2BTIMLuMSG6TUkCPo8cGb18oZOzaYqAhY4LDkJfc9%2FPTayNCqHCi6Dbl189%2BugY75PzavphSkQYus3ram8FWTa1E86pg9Kwf9Sh35aXUdyHJNKPe05zUqVxZqyynWUm%2FSxeJpsP3GvWtwtCMkUbJX0M0MQIk9QlnSniw%2FLQOcyarjiXs8eDDR0aYsEv%2Bpc0A%3D%3D&X-Amz-Signature=42b18e7ee2752aebc5844a799f4af746effd4d5d611cc43dcaa5ed5a27afd0fb&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)



Types of demographic growth in cities and towns of the Łódź region according to Webb’s typology in the period 1975–2020_
| Year | Type of demographic growth | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | Negative | |||||||
| A +BR ≥ MB | B +BR > + MB | C +BR < + MB | D -BR < + MB | E -BR > + MB | F -BR ≥ MB | G -BR ≤ MB | H +BR ≤ MB | |
| 1975 | 5 | 4 | 21 | – | – | – | 2 | 5 |
| 1989 | 5 | 6 | 15 | 5 | 1 | – | 1 | 5 |
| 2020* | 3 | 1 | – | 4 | 2 | 9 | 13 | 10 |
Types and complexity of development paths in the examined towns and cities of the Łódź region_
| Period of time | Complexity of development path | Type of development path | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| simple | compound | multiple compound | self-reinforcing | reactive | |
| 1946-1989 | 38 | 5 | 0 | 15 | 28 |
| 1990-2020 | 17 | 13 | 13 | 5 | 38 |