Lada or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - A Challenging Diagnosis in Clinical Approach

Lucia Mihaela Custură; Oana Deteşan; Raluca Maria Tilinca; Reka Annamaria Schmiedt; Brigitta Irén Bacso; Mariana Cornelia Tilinca

doi:10.2478/amtsb-2021-0052

.blurhash-client-img { display: none !important; }

Lada or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - A Challenging Diagnosis in Clinical Approach

Acta Medica Transilvanica

Volume 26 (2021): Issue 3 (September 2021)

By: Lucia Mihaela Custură, Oana Deteşan, Raluca Maria Tilinca, Reka Annamaria Schmiedt, Brigitta Irén Bacso and Mariana Cornelia Tilinca

Open Access

|Nov 2021

1. Buzzetti R, Tuomi T, Mauricio D, Pietropaolo M, Zhou Z, Pozzilli P et al. Management of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Consensus Statement from an International Expert Panel. Diabetes. 2020;69(10):2037-2047.10.2337/dbi20-0017780971732847960
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
2. Hernández M, Mauricio D. Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Review of Clinically Relevant Issues. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology; 2020. p. 29-41.10.1007/5584_2020_53332424495
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
3. Pieralice S, Pozzilli P. Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: A Review on Clinical Implications and Management. Diabetes Metab J. 2018;42(6):451-464.10.4093/dmj.2018.0190630044030565440
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
4. Classification of diabetes mellitus. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
5. Nishimura A, Matsumura K, Kikuno S, et al. Slowly Progressive Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Current Knowledge And Future Perspectives. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2019;12:2461-2477.10.2147/DMSO.S191007688659231819572
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
6. Naik R, Brooks-Worrell B, Palmer J. Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2009;94(12):4635-4644.10.1210/jc.2009-112019837918
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
7. Zinman B, Kahn S, Haffner S, O’Neill M, Heise M, Freed M. Phenotypic Characteristics of GAD Antibody-Positive Recently Diagnosed Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in North America and Europe. Diabetes. 2004;53(12):3193-3200.10.2337/diabetes.53.12.319315561950
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
8. Andersen M. New Insights into the Genetics of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults. Current Diabetes Reports. 2020;20(9).10.1007/s11892-020-01330-y32725517
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
9. Jörns A, Wedekind D, Jähne J, Lenzen S. Pancreas pathology of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) in patients and in a LADA rat model compared with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes. 2020;69:624–633.10.2337/db19-086531974139
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
10. Buzzetti R, Zampetti S, Maddaloni E. Adult-onset autoimmune diabetes: current knowledge and implications for management. Nature Reviews Endocrinology. 2017;13(11):674-686.10.1038/nrendo.2017.9928885622
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
11. Chen W, Chen X, Zhang M, Huang Z. The association of human leukocyte antigen class II (HLA II) haplotypes with the risk of Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA): Evidence based on available data. Gene. 2021;767:145177.10.1016/j.gene.2020.14517732998048
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
12. Laugesen E, Østergaard JA, Leslie RD; Danish Diabetes Academy Workshop and Workshop Speakers. Latent autoimmune diabetes of the adult: current knowledge and uncertainty. Diabet Med. 2015 Jul;32(7):843-852.10.1111/dme.12700467629525601320
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
13. Desai M, Zeggini E, Horton V, Owen K, Hattersley A, Levy J et al. An association analysis of the HLA gene region in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. Diabetologia. 2006;50(1):68-73.10.1007/s00125-006-0513-z307620717143607
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
14. Maddaloni E, Moretti C, Mignogna C, Buzzetti R. Adult-onset autoimmune diabetes in 2020: An update. Maturitas. 2020 Jul;137:37-44.10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.04.01432498935
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
15. Hawa M, Kolb H, Schloot N, Beyan H, Paschou S, Buzzetti R et al. Adult-Onset Autoimmune Diabetes in Europe Is Prevalent With a Broad Clinical Phenotype: Action LADA 7. Diabetes Care. 2012;36(4):908-913.10.2337/dc12-0931360950423248199
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
16. Lampasona V, Pittman DL, Williams AJ, et al. Islet Autoantibody Standardization Program 2018 Workshop: Interlaboratory Comparison of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody Assay Performance. Clin Chem. 2019;65(9):1141-1152.10.1373/clinchem.2019.304196893613531409598
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
17. Zhu Y, Qian L, Liu Q, et al. Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody Detection by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identifies Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults with Poor Islet Function. Diabetes Metab J. 2020;44(2):260-266.10.4093/dmj.2019.0007718896831769235
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
18. Tiberti C, Giordano C, Locatelli M, Bosi E, Bottazzo G, Buzzetti R et al. Identification of Tyrosine Phosphatase 2(256-760) Construct as a New, Sensitive Marker for the Detection of Islet Autoimmunity in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: The Non-Insulin Requiring Autoimmune Diabetes (NIRAD) Study 2. Diabetes. 2008;57(5):1276-1283.10.2337/db07-087418332100
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
19. Li XH, Yu FF, Zhou YH, He J. Association between alcohol consumption and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016;103(3):818-829.10.3945/ajcn.115.11438926843157
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
20. Carlsson S. Environmental (Lifestyle) Risk Factors for LADA. Current Diabetes Reviews. 2019;15(3):178-187.10.2174/157339981466618071615025330009710
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
21. Hjort R, Ahlqvist E, Carlsson PO, et al. Overweight, obesity and the risk of LADA: results from a Swedish case-control study and the Norwegian HUNT Study. Diabetologia. 2018;61(6):1333-1343.10.1007/s00125-018-4596-0644899829589073
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
22. Löfvenborg JE, Ahlqvist E, Alfredsson L, Andersson T, Groop L, Tuomi T, Wolk A, Carlsson S. Consumption of red meat, genetic susceptibility, and risk of LADA and type 2 diabetes. Eur J Nutr. 2021 Mar;60(2):769-779.10.1007/s00394-020-02285-2790003632444887
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
23. Hjort R, Alfredsson L, Andersson T, et al. Family history of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). Diabetes Metab. 2017;43(6):536-542.10.1016/j.diabet.2017.05.01028669512
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
24. Banerjee P, Khan NZ, Singh ST, Singh N, Qamar I. Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: complication, management and treatment modalities. Endocrinol Metab Int J.2019;7(3):67-72.10.15406/emij.2019.07.00246
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
25. Zaharia OP, Bobrov P, Strassburger K, et al. Metabolic Characteristics of Recently Diagnosed Adult-Onset Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018;103(2):429-437.10.1210/jc.2017-0170629220505
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
26. Rajkumar V, Levine SN. Latent Autoimmune Diabetes. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; July 18; 2021.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
27. Fadiga L, Saraiva J, Catarino D, Frade J, Melo M, Paiva I. Adult-onset autoimmune diabetes: comparative analysis of classical and latent presentation. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2020;12(1):107.10.1186/s13098-020-00616-1771331533292447
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
28. Mishra R, Hodge KM, Cousminer DL, Leslie RD, Grant SFA. A Global Perspective of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2018;29(9):638-650.10.1016/j.tem.2018.07.00130041834
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
29. Castelblanco E, Hernández M, Castelblanco A, et al. Low-grade Inflammatory Marker Profile May Help to Differentiate Patients With LADA, Classic Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(4):862-868.10.2337/dc17-166229358494
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
30. Koufakis T, Katsiki N, Zebekakis P, Dimitriadis G, Kotsa K. Therapeutic approaches for latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: One size does not fit all. J Diabetes. 2020;12(2):110-118.10.1111/1753-0407.1298231449359
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
31. Gribble FM, Ashcroft FM. Differential sensitivity of beta-cell and extrapancreatic KATP channels to gliclazide. Diabetologia. 1999;42:845-848.10.1007/s00125005123610440127
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
32. Engler RL, Yellon DM. Sulfonylurea KATP Blockade in Type II Diabetes and Preconditioning in Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation. 1996;94:2297-2301.10.1161/01.CIR.94.9.2297
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
33. Heller SR; ADVANCE Collaborative Group. A summary of the ADVANCE Trial. Diabetes Care. 2009;32 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S357-S361.10.2337/dc09-S339281145119875581
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
34. Avogaro A. Treating diabetes today with gliclazide MR: a matter of numbers. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2012 Jan;14 Suppl 1:14-19.10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01508.x22118706
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
35. Zhang Z, Yan X, Wu C, et al. Adding vitamin D3 to the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor saxagliptin has the potential to protect β-cell function in LADA patients: A 1-year pilot study. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020;36(5):e3298.10.1002/dmrr.329832043288
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
36. Pinheiro MM, Pinheiro FMM, Diniz SN, Fabbri A, Infante M. Combination of vitamin D and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (VIDPP-4i) as an immunomodulation therapy for autoimmune diabetes. Int Immunopharmacol. 2021;95:107518.10.1016/j.intimp.2021.10751833756226
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
37. Latif A, Gastelum AA, Sood A, Reddy JT. Euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis in a 43-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus on SGLT-2 inhibitor (empagliflozin). BMJ Case Rep. 2020;13(6):e235117.10.1136/bcr-2020-235117728229332513767
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
38. White-Cotsmire AJ, Healy AM. Ketogenic Diet as a Trigger for Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Misdiagnosis of Diabetes: A Case Report. Clin Diabetes. 2020;38(3):318-321.10.2337/cd20-0001736445832699486
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
39. Pozzilli P, Leslie RD, Peters AL, et al. Dulaglutide treatment results in effective glycaemic control in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA): A post-hoc analysis of the AWARD-2, -4 and -5 Trials. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2018;20(6):1490-1498.10.1111/dom.1323729377522
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
40. Liu B, Xiang Y, Liu Z, Zhou Z. Past, present and future of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020;36(1):e3205.10.1002/dmrr.320531318117
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
41. Wod M, Thomsen RW, Pedersen L, Yderstraede KB, Beck-Nielsen H, Højlund K. Lower mortality and cardiovascular event rates in patients with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes In Adults (LADA) as compared with type 2 diabetes and insulin deficient diabetes: A cohort study of 4368 patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018;139:107-113.10.1016/j.diabres.2018.02.04229518492
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
42. Issar T, Yan A, Kwai NCG, et al. Altered peripheral nerve structure and function in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020;36(3):e3260.10.1002/dmrr.326031833206
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
43. Alam U, Jeziorska M, Petropoulos IN, et al. Latent autoimmune diabetes of adulthood (LADA) is associated with small fibre neuropathy. Diabet Med. 2019;36(9):1118-1124.10.1111/dme.1388830575096
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
44. Carlsson S. Etiology and Pathogenesis of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) Compared to Type 2 Diabetes. Front Physiol. 2019;10:320.10.3389/fphys.2019.00320644405930971952
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
45. Frazier AR. Correct Diabetes Diagnosis and Treatment Allows Sailor to Remain on Active Duty. Mil Med. 2020;185(9-10):e1843-e1846.10.1093/milmed/usaa01232373933
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
46. O’Neal KS, Johnson JL, Panak RL. Recognizing and Appropriately Treating Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults. Diabetes Spectr. 2016; 29(4):249-252.10.2337/ds15-0047511152827899877
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Authors

Metrics

Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amtsb-2021-0052 | Journal eISSN: 2285-7079 | Journal ISSN: 2285-7079

Journal RSS Feed

Language: English

Page range: 55 - 58

Submitted on: Aug 4, 2021

Accepted on: Sep 2, 2021

Published on: Nov 3, 2021

Published by: Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

diabetes mellitus,

LADA,

glutamic acid decarboxylase,

c-peptide

Related subjects:

Medicine,

Assistive professions, nursing,

Basic medical science,

Basic medical science, other,

Clinical medicine,

Clinical medicine, other

© 2021 Lucia Mihaela Custură, Oana Deteşan, Raluca Maria Tilinca, Reka Annamaria Schmiedt, Brigitta Irén Bacso, Mariana Cornelia Tilinca, published by Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Volume 26 (2021): Issue 3 (September 2021)