References
- Baker, A. (2003). The Knight. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
- Balint, M. (1959). Thrills and Regressions. Oxford, England: International Universities Press.
- Barkow, J.H. (1975, December). Prestige and Culture: A Biosocial Interpretation. Current Anthropology, 16(4), 553-572.
- Becker, E. (1968). The Structure of Evil. New York: George Braziller.
- Becker, E. (1971). The Birth and Death of Meaning (2nd ed.). New York: Free Press.
- Becker, E. (1973). The Denial of Death. New York: Free Press.
- Becker, E. (1975). Escape from Evil. New York: Free Press.
- Bensman, J. & Lilienfeld, R. (1975). Craft and Consciousness. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
- Birrell, S.J. (1978). Sporting Encounters: An Examination of the Work of Erving and its Application to Sport. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Sport Studies, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
- Bloom, M. (1991, August). The Greatest Upset. Runner’s World, p. 22. Eaton: Hearst Corp. in Eaton.
- Bowman, J. (2007). Honor - A History. New York: Encounter Books.
- Bowra, C.M. (1957). The Greek Experience. Cleveland, OH: World Publishing.
- Brandt, A. (1983, August). A World without Honor. Esquire, pp. 27-28. New York City: Hearst Corp. in New York City.
- Braudel, F. (1980). On History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Braudy, L. (2005). From Chivalry to Terrorism (War and the Changing Nature of Masculinity). New York: Vintage Books.
- Caillois, R. (1961). Man, Play, and Games. Glencoe, IL: The Free Press of Glencoe.
- Cairns, D.L. (1993). Aidos (The Psychology and Ethics of Honor and Shame in Ancient Greek Literature). Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- Campbell, R.N. (1984). The New Science (Self-Esteem Psychology). Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
- Carrigan, T., Connell, B., & Lee, J. (1985). Toward a new sociology of masculinity. Theory & Society, 14, 551-604.
- Chandos, J. (1984). Boys Together. London: Hutchinson & Co.
- Chick, G., Miracle, A.W., & Loy, J.W. (1996). Rape, Sport, and War. Human Peace, 11(1), 3-13.
- Chick, G., Loy, J.W., & Miracle, A.W. (1997). Combative Sport and Warfare: A Reappraisal of the Spillover and Catharsis Hypotheses. Cross-Cultural Research, 31(3), 249-267.
- Chick, G., & Loy, J.W. (2001). Making Men of Them: Socialization for Warfare and Combative Sports. World Cultures, 12, 2-17.
- Deslandes, P.R. (2005). Oxbridge Men (British Masculinity and the Undergraduate Experience, 1850-1920). Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
- Dickson, K. (1988). The Semiotics of Eidos in Olympian 8. Helios, 15(2), 115-126.
- Diem, C. (Ed.). (1967). The Olympic Idea, Discourses and Essays. Carl Diem Institut, Stuttgart: Verlag Karl Hofmann.
- Donlan, W. (1980). The Aristocratic Ideal in Ancient Greece. Lawrence, KS: Coronado Press.
- Doyle, J.A. (1989). The Male Experience (2nd ed.). Dubuque, IA: Wm. C. Brown.
- Duby, G.S. (1985). William Marshall (The Flower of Chivalry). New York: Pantheon Books.
- Ehrenreich, B. (1997). Blood Rites. New York: Metropolitan Books.
- Elias, N. (1994). The Civilizing Process. Oxford: Blackwell.
- Featherstone, M. (1992). The Heroic Life and Everyday Life. Theory, Culture & Society, 9, 159-182.
- Ferguson, A.B. (1960). The Indian Summer of English Chivalry. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
- Finley, M.I. (1965). The World of Odysseus. New York: Viking.
- Gerber, E.W. (1974). Olympic Competition. In E.W. Gerber, J. Felshin, P. Berlin, & W. Wyrick (Eds.), The American Women in Sport (pp. 136-176). Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
- Gilmour, R. (1981). The Idea of the Gentleman in the Victorian Novel. London: George Allen & Unwin.
- Girouard, M. (1981). The Return to Camelot. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
- Goffman, E. (1957, April 15-17). On the Characteristics of Total Institutions. Symposium on Preventive and Social Psychiatry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, D. C.
- Goffman, E. (1959). The Moral Career of the Mental Patient. Psychiatry: Journal for the Study of Interpersonal Processes, 22(2), 123-142.
- Goffman, E. (1961). Asylums. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
- Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction Ritual. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
- Goldschmidt, W. (1992). The Human Career (The Self in the Symbolic World). Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
- Goode, W.J. (1978). The Celebration of Heroes. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
- Gouldner, A. (1965). Enter Plato. New York: Basic Books.
- Guttmann, A. (1978). From Ritual to Record (The Nature of Modern Sports). New York: Columbia University Press.
- Hardy, S., Loy, J.W., & Booth, D. (2009). The Material Culture of Sport: Toward a Typology. Journal of Sport History, 36(1), 129-152.
- Harre, R. (1979). Social Being (A Theory for Social Psychology). Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
- Harre, R. (1984). Personal Being (A Theory for Individual Psychology). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Harre, R., Clarke, D., & De Carlo, N. (1985). Motives and Mechanisms (An Introduction to the Psychology of Action). New York: Methuen.
- Hatch, E. (1989, June). Theories of Social Honor. American Anthropologist, 91(2), 341-352.
- Hershey, S. (1989, November 30). Moody wants $ title but not for money. USA Today, p. 4C.
- Holt, R. (1989). Sport and the British (A Modern History). Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- Huizinga, J. (1955). Homo Ludens (A Study of the Play Element in Culture). Boston: Beacon Press.
- Ignatieff, M. (1998). The Warrior’s Honor (Ethnic War the Modern Conscience). New York: Viking.
- Ingham, A.G., & Loy, J.W. (1973). The Social System of Sport: A Humanistic Perspective. Quest, 19, 3-23.
- Ingham, A.G., & Loy, J.W. (1993). Sport in Social Development (Traditions, Transitions and Transformations). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- Inscrizioni Agonistiche Greche. (1987). Translated by L. Moretti. English translation by W. Sweet. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987.
- Janowitz, M. (1960). The Professional Soldier (A Social and Political Portrait). Glencoe, IL: The Free Press.
- Jenkins, R. (1981). The Victorians and Ancient Greece. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Kaeuper, R.W. (2001). Chivalry and Violence in Medieval Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Kaltsas, N. (Ed.) (2004). Agon. Athens: Hellenic Ministry of Culture and National Archaeological Museum of Athens.
- Keating, J.W. (1965). Athletics and the Pursuit of Excellence. Education, 85(7), 428-431.
- Keen, M. (1984). Chivalry. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
- Keen, M. (1986, Jan. 16). The Knight of Knights. The New York Review of Books, pp. 39-40.
- Keen, S. (1982). War as the Ultimate Therapy. Psychology Today, June, pp. 56-66.
- Kiesling, S. (1982). The Shell Game -- Reflections on Rowing and the Pursuit of Excellence. New York: Wm. Morrow.
- Kirk, G.S. (Ed.). (1964). The Language and Background of Homer. London: W. Heffer & Sons.
- Lenk, H. (1981). Tasks of the Philosophy of Sport: Between Publicity and Anthropology. Journal of the Philosophy of Sport, IX, 94-106.
- Loy, J.W. (1968). The Nature of Sport: A Definitional Effort. Quest, 10, 1-20.
- Loy, J.W. (1978). The Cultural System of Sport. Quest, 29, 73-102.
- Loy, J.W. (1981). An Emerging Theory of Sport Spectatorship: Implications for the Olympic Games. In J. Segrave & D. Chu (Eds.), Olympism. (Chapter 19, pp. 262-294). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- Loy, J.W. (1984, July). The Agon Motif in Modern Sport. Keynote address at the Sociology of Sport Session of the Olympic Scientific Congress, Eugene, Oregon.
- Loy, J.W., & Hesketh, G.L. (1984). The Agon Motif: A Prolegomenon for the Study of Agonetic Behavior. In K. Olin (Ed.), Contribution of Sociology to the Study of Sport (Studies in Honor of Kalevi Heinila). (pp. 29-50). Jyvaskyla, Finland: University of Jyvaskyla Press.
- Loy, J.W., Andrews, D.L., & Hesketh, G.L. (1992, March). Agonal Warfare: A Comparative Analysis of Camel Raiding among the Bedouin and Horse Raiding among the Plains Indians. Paper presented at the annual meetings of the Society for Cross-Cultural Research, Santa Fe, NM.
- Loy, J.W. (1995). The Dark Side of Agon: Fratriarchies, Performative Masculinities, Sport Involvement and the Phenomenon of Gang Rape. In K. H. Bette & A. Rutten (Eds.), International Sociology of Sport: Contemporary Issues (Festschrift in Honor of Gunther Luschen). (pp. 263-282). Stuttgart: Verlag Stephanie Naglschmid.
- Loy, J.W., & Hesketh, G.L. (1995). Competitive Play on the Plains: An Analysis of Games and Warfare among Native American Warrior Societies, 1800-1850., in A. D. Pellegrini (Ed.), The Future of Play Theory (A Multidisciplinary Inquiry into the Contributions of Brian Sutton-Smith). (pp. 73-105). Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
- Loy, J.W., Hesketh, G.L. & Chick, G., (2003). Aesthetics of Agon among Plains Indians Societies, 1800-1850. In O. Ballisager & S. Damkjaer (Eds.), Kroppens Ide [Embodied Ideas]. (pp. 185-201). Aarhus, Denmark: Systime Academic.
- Loy, J.W. (2007, March). Virtue through Violence (An Essay on the Pursuit of Honor through Action). Inaugural Alan G. Ingham Memorial Lecture, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio.
- Loy, J.W., & Coakley, J. (2007). Sport. In G. Ritzer (Ed.), The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology. Vol. 9, pp. 4643-4653. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
- Loy, J.W., McLachlan, F., & Booth, D. (2009). Connotations of Female Movement and Meaning: The Development of Women’s Participation in the Olympic Games. Olympika XVIII, 1-24.
- McCain, J. (2004, May). Why Courage Matters. Men’s Journal, pp. 68-70.
- MacIntyre, A. (2007). After Virtue (3rd. ed.). Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
- Macrae, D. ([1956] 1991). Some Sociological Prospects”, Proceedings of the Third World Congress of Sociology, London, 1956. In N.G. Carper & J. Carper (Eds.), The Meaning of History: A Dictionary of Quotations. New York: Greenwood Press.
- Mangan, J.A. (1981). Athleticism in the Victorian and Edwardian Public School. New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Mangan, J.A. (1986). The Games Ethic and Imperialism. Harmondsworth, UK: Viking.
- Mangan, J.A. (1996). ‘Muscular, Militaristic and Manly’: The British Middle-Class Hero as Moral Messenger. In R. Holt, J.A. Mangan, & P. Lanfranchi (Eds.), European Heroes (Myth, Identity, Sport). (pp. 28-47). London: Frank Cass.
- Mansfield, S. (1982). The Gestalts of War (An Inquiry into Its Origins and Meanings as a Social Institution). New York: The Dial Press.
- Meijering, P.H. (1988). Signed with Their Honor (Air Chivalry during the Two World Wars). New York: Paragon House.
- Morford, W.R., & Clark, S.J. (1976). The Agon Motif. In J. Keogh & R. S. Hutton (Eds.), Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews. Vol. 4, pp. 163-193. Santa Barbara, CA: Journal Publishing Affiliates.
- Morford, W.R., & McIntosh, M.J. (1993). Sport and the Victorian Gentleman. In A. G. Ingham & J. W. Loy (Eds.), Sport in Social Development. (Chapter 3, pp. 51-76). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- Ong, W.J. (1981). Fighting for Life (Contest, Sexuality, and Consciousness). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
- Ossowska, M. (1972). Social Determinants of Moral Ideas. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
- Pappas, C. (1999). The Agon - A Socio-Historical and Educational Analysis of the Agonistic Principle in Greek Culture. In A. Krüger & E. Trangbæk (Eds.), The History of Physical Education & Sport from European Perspectives. (pp. 67-78). Copenhagen: CESH.
- Painter, S. (1933). William Marshall (Knight-Errant, Baron, and Regent of England). Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Press.
- Pitt-Rivers, J. (1974). Honour and Social Status., In J.G. Peristiany (Ed.), Honor and Shame (The Values of Mediterranean Society). (Chapter 1, pp. 21-77). Chicago: A Midway Reprint from the University of Chicago Press.
- Raban, J. (2004, August 12). Review of William Langewieche, The Outlaw Sea: A World of Freedom, Chaos, and Crime. North Point Press. New York Review of Books, pp. 23-25.
- Rachels, J. (1993). The Elements of Moral Philosophy (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
- Renson, R. (2004). Safeguarding Ludodiversity: Chances and Challenges in the Promotion and Protection of Traditional Movement Culture. East Asian Sport Thoughts, 3, 139-158.
- Roberts, J.M., & Sutton-Smith, B. (1962). Child Training and Game Involvement. Ethnology, I, 166-185.
- Rose, H.J. (1985). The Greek Agones. Arete, 3(1), 163-182.
- Sandiford, K.A.P. (1983, Winter). Cricket and the Victorian Society. Journal of Social History, 17(2), 303-317.
- Scanlon, T.F. (1983). The Vocabulary of Competition: Agon and Aethlos, Greek Terms for Contest. Arete, 1(1), 147-162.
- Scarry, E. (1985). The Body in Pain (The Making and Unmaking of the World). New York: Oxford University Press.
- Schmitt, R.L., & Leonard, W.M. III. (1986, March). Immortalizing the Self through Sport. American Journal of Sociology, 91(5), 1088-1111.
- Scimecca, J.A. (1979, Fall). Cultural Hero Systems and Religious Beliefs: The Ideal-Real Social Science of Ernest Becker. Review of Religious Research, 21(1), 62-70.
- Scott, M. (1968). The Racing Game. Chicago: Aldine.
- Simon, B., & Bradley, I. (Eds.). (1975). The Victorian Public Schools. Dublin: Gill & Macmilllan.
- SISWO. (1997, December). Program for the Elias Centenary Conference on Organized Violence: The Formation and Breakdown of Monopolies of Force, Amsterdam. Sponsored by the Netherlands Universities Institute for Coordination of Research in the Social Sciences & The Norbert Elias Foundation.
- Slowiskowski, S.S., & Loy, J.W. (1993). Ancient Athletic Motifs and the Modern Olympic Games. In A.G. Ingham & J.W. Loy (Eds.), Sport in Social Development: Traditions, Transitions and Transformations. (pp. 21-49). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- Speier, H. (1941). The Social Types of War. American Journal of Sociology, 21, 445-454.
- Speier, H. (1969). Social Order and the Risks of War. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
- Staff. (1984a). Official Olympic Guide to Los Angeles. Los Angeles: ABC Publishing.
- Staff. (1984b, Summer). Life (Special Issue), 7.
- Staff. (1988, December 22). Curtis Strange - Money, goals are bigger. USA Today, p. 2C.
- Staff. (1992, August 7). Retired Jerseys: By the Numbers. USA Today, p. 10C.
- Steel, N., & Hart, P. (1997). Tumult in the Clouds (The British Experience of the War in the Air, 1914-1918). London: Hodder & Stoughton.
- Trippett, F. (1980, June). The Human Need to Break Records. Time, p. 88.
- Turner, F.U. (1981). The Greek Heritage in Victorian Britain. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
- Vale, M. (1981). War and Chivalry. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.
- Weiss, P. (1969). Sport - A Philosophic Inquiry. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press.
- Williams, R. (1977). Marxism and Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Young, D.C. (1984). The Olympic Myth of Greek Amateur Athletics. Chicago: Ares Publishers.
- Zuchora, K. (1983). Agon as the Way of Life (or back to The Iliad and The Odyssey). International Review for Sport Sociology, 18(4), 7-35.