The Chorioamnionitis - Still an Enigma in Perinatology

Mirjana Varjacic; Nikola Jovic

doi:10.2478/sjecr-2021-0007

Figures & Tables

j_sjecr-2021-0007_tab_001

CHORIOAMNIONITIS	CHARACTERISTICS	DELIVERY	REFERENCE
Acute histological	Neutrophils infiltration	Treterm and term	Conti N. and al. [25]
AHCA 1	Decidua and chorionic space	Mostly term, ≥ 37 week	Conti N. and al. [25] Lee SM and al. [26]
AHCA 2	+ amnion and/or chorion	Mostly preterm, 32 – 36 week	Torricelli M. and al [2]
AHCA 3	+ umbilical cord	Mostly preterm, ≤ 32 week	Torricelli M. and al [2] Conti N. and al. [25]
Chronic histological	Lymphocyte infiltration (CD8 TLy) with/without macrophages and plasma cells	preterm (34–70%) and term	Kim CJ and al. [19] Murphy HS [44]
In narrow sence	Chorioamniotic membranes	term/preterm	Kim CJ and al. [20]
In wider sense	+ decidua и chorionic villi	term/preterm	Reyes L and al. [53] Khong TY and al. [71]
Infectious	pathogens – bacteria, viruses, fungi	Term, ≥ 37 week (10%) Preterm, 32 –36 week (18%) Preterm, ≤ 32 week (39%)	Torricelli M. and al [2]
bacterial	Ureaplasma urealiticum (47%) Gram negative anaerobes (38.4%) Micoplasma hominis (30.4%) Bacteroides bivius (29.5%) Gardnerella vaginalis (24.5%) Streptococcus agalactiae (15%) Escherichia coli (8%)	preterm (39%) term (10%)	Torricelli M. and al [2] Czikk MJ and al [15] Redline RW and al [18] Hecht JL and al [103]
viral	Predominantly adeno viruses	preterm (41%)	Czikk MJ and al [15] Spiegel AM and al [104]
fungal	Candida sp.	term/preterm (<0.8%)	Stock SJ and al [105]
Clinical	Maternal hyperthermia (>37.8°С) (95–100%) Maternal tachicardia (>100 beat per minute) (91.1%) Fetal tachicardia (>160 beat per minute) (66%) Maternal leucocytosis (>15000/mm³) (33%) increased tenderness of the uterus (9%) unpleasant smell of amniotic fluid (3%)	preterm (20%) term (5–12%)	Tita AT and al [14] Romero R and al [29] Martinelli P and al [109] Burke C and al [113] Romero R and al [117]
Biochemical	Increase in IL6 and IL8 concentration	Preterm and term	Romero R and al [29] Burke C and al [113] Evers AC and al [114]

The Chorioamnionitis - Still an Enigma in Perinatology

Figures & Tables

j_sjecr-2021-0007_tab_001

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