Effect of Air Pollution and Hospital Admission: A Systematic Review

No	Study	Study period	Location	Study design	Health effect
1	Montresor-López et al. 2015 [9]	2002–2006	US	Case-crossover	Stroke admission
2	Cheng et al. 2015 [10]	2006–2010	Taiwan	Case-crossover	COPD admission Asthma admission Pneumonia admission
3	Milojevic et al. 2014 [11]	2003–2009	England	Case-crossover	CVS admission Atrial fibrillation Arrhythmia Heart failure
4	Iskandar et al. 2011 [12]	2001–2008	Denmark	Case-crossover	Asthma admission
5	Ghozikali et al. 2015 [13]	2008–2009	Iran	Case-crossover	COPD admission
6	Wong et al. 2016 [8]	1998–2001	Hong Kong	Cohort	Peptic ulcer admission Gastric ulcer Duodenal ulcer
7	Tonne et al. 2016 [14]	2003–2007	London	Cohort	Readmission of Myocardial infarction
8	Atkinson et al. 2014 [15]	2003–2007	London	Cohort	COPD admission
9	Andersen et al. 2011 [16]	1993–2006	Denmark	Cohort	COPD admission
10	Andersen et al. 2012 [17]	1993–2007	Denmark	Cohort	Asthma admission
11	Alimohammadi et al. 2016 [18]	2012–2013	Iran	Retrospective cross sectional	Ischaemic stroke admission
12	Mansourian et al. 2010 [19]	2005–2006	Iran	Retrospective cross sectional	Respiratory admission
13	Ferreira et al. 2016 [20]	2010–2011	Brazil	Times-series	Respiratory admission CVS Admission
14	Phung et al. 2016 [21]	2004–2007	Vietnam	Times-series	Respiratory admission CVS Admission
15	Vidotto et al. 2012 [22]	2000–2007	Brazil	Times-series	Paediatric rheumatic diseases admission
16	Kollanus et al. 2016 [23]	2001–2010	Finland	Times-series	CVS admission Respiratory admission
17	Oudin et al. 2010 [24]	2001–2005	Sweden	Times-series	Ischaemic stroke admission
18	Vidale et al. 2010 [25]	2000–2003	Italy	Times-series	Ischaemic stroke admission
19	Jevtić et al. 2014 [26]	2007–2009	Serbia	Times-series	CVS admission
20	Xie et al. 2014 [27]	2010–2012	China	Times-series	IHD admission
21	Zhang et al. 2014 [28]	2008–2011	China	Times-series	Hospital admission Respiratory admission Stroke admission
22	Chen et al. 2016 [29]	2003–2013	Adelaide	Times-series & case-crossover	Asthma admission

[i] Note: CVS: Cardiovascular; IHD: Ischaemic Heart Disease; COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Table 2

Effect of the pollutant to hospitalization.

Pollutant	Health effect	RR/OR/HR (95% CI)	Study design	Study
PM_2.5	Respiratory admission	RR 8.5% (–6.8, 26.3)	TS	Ferreira et al. 2016
		RR 10.5% (–2.2, 24.8)	TS	Kollanus et al. 2016
	Asthma admission	RR 30.2% (13.4, 49.6) OR 1.229 (1.139, 1.327)	TS & CCO	Chen et al. 2016
		OR 1.09 (1.04, 1.13)	CCO	Iskandar et al. 2011
		OR 1.10 (1.06, 1.13)	CCO	Cheng et al. 2015
	COPD Admission	OR 1.11 (1.09, 1.13)	CCO	Cheng et al. 2015
		HR 1.05 (0.98, 1.13)	Cohort	Atkinson et al. 2014
	Pneumonia admission	OR 1.12 (1.11, 1.13)	CCO	Cheng et al. 2015
	CVS Admission	RR 19.6% (6.4, 34.6)	TS	Ferreira et al. 2016
		RR 1.5% (–6.9, 10.6)	TS	Kollanus et al. 2016
	Ischaemic stroke	RR 1.09 (1.03, 1.15)	RCS	Alimohammadi et al. 2016
	IHD admission	RR 0.27% (0.21, 0.33)	TS	Xie et al. 2014
	MI admission	HR 1.02 (0.98, 1.06)	Cohort	Tonne et al. 2016
	PUD admission	HR 1.18 (1.02, 1.36)	Cohort	Wong et al. 2016
	Gastric ulcer	HR 1.29 (1.09, 1.53)
	Duodenal ulcer	HR 0.98 (0.78, 1.22)
PM₁₀	Respiratory admission	RR 12.8% (6.0, 20.0)	TS	Ferreira et al. 2016
		β coefficient = 0.63; p < 0.001)	RCS	Mansourian et al. 2010
		RR 1.007 (1.002, 1.013)	TS	Phung et al. 2016
	Asthma admission	RR 8.3% (2.5, 14.4) OR 1.035 (1.007, 1.064)	TS & CCO	Chen et al. 2016
		OR 1.04 (1.03–1.06)	CCO	Cheng et al. 2015
		OR 1.07 (1.03, 1.12)	CCO	Iskandar et al. 2011
	COPD Admission	OR 1.05 (1.03–1.06)	CCO	Cheng et al. 2015
	Pneumonia admission	OR 1.05 (1.04–1.05)	CCO	Cheng et al. 2015
	CVS Admission	RR 2.7% (–2.2, 7.9)	TS	Ferreira et al. 2016
		RR 1.005 (1, 1.009)	TS	Phung et al. 2016
	Ischaemic stroke	RR 1.14 (1.06, 1.22)	RCS	Alimohammadi et al. 2016
		RR 13% (4, 22)	TS	Oudin et al. 2010
		RR 1.078 (1.104, 1.052)	TS	Vidale et al. 2010
	MI admission	HR 1.05 (1.00, 1.10)	Cohort	Tonne et al. 2016
NO₂	Respiratory admission	RR 1.08 (1.06, 1.011)	TS	Phung et al. 2016
		RR 1.94 (0.50, 3.40)	TS	Zhang et al. 2014
	Asthma admission	RR 12.5% (6.6, 18.7), OR 1.077 (1.046, 1.109)	TS & CCO	Chen et al. 2016
		HR 1.12 (1.04, 1.22)	Cohort	Andersen et al. 2012
		OR 1.10 (1.04, 1.16)	CCO	Iskandar et al. 2011
	COPD Admission	HR 1.06 (0.98, 1.15)	Cohort	Atkinson et al. 2014
		HR 1.08 (1.02, 1.14)	Cohort	Andersen et al. 2011
		OR 1.0038 (1.0004, 1.0094)	CCO	Ghozikali et al. 2015
	CVS Admission	RR 1.04 (1, 1.06)	TS	Phung et al. 2016
		RR 1.049 (1.009, 1.091)	TS	Jevtić et al. 2014
		OR 1.7% (95% CI 0.9 to 2.6)	CCO	Milojevic et al. 2014
	Ischaemic stroke	RR 1.07 (1.04, 1.1)	RCS	Alimohammadi et al. 2016
		RR 1.039 (1.066, 1.013)	TS	Vidale et al. 2010
	MI admission	HR 1.05 (0.99, 1.10)	Cohort	Tonne et al. 2016
SO₂	Respiratory admission	RR 1.02 (1.01, 1.03)	TS	Phung et al. 2016
		β coefficient = 0.59; p < 0.001)	RCS	Mansourian et al. 2010
	COPD admission	OR 1.0044 (1, 1.011)	CCO	Ghozikali et al. 2015
	CVS Admission	RR 1.007 (1, 1.01)	TS	Phung et al. 2016
	Ischaemic stroke	RR 1.08 (1.06, 1.1)	RCS	Alimohammadi et al. 2016
	Paediatric rheumatic diseases	RR 1.98% (0.25, 3.69)	TS	Vidotto et al. 2012
Ozone	COPD admission	RR 1.0058 (1.0022, 1.0094)	CCO	Ghozikali et al. 2015
	Ischaemic stroke	RR 1.07 (1.03, 1.11)	RCS	Alimohammadi et al. 2016
	Stroke admission	OR 0.98 (0.96, 1.00)	CCO	Montresor-López et al. 2015

[i] Note: CVS: Cardiovascular; IHD: Ischaemic Heart Disease; COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; MI: Myocardial infarction; PUD: Peptic Ulcer Disease.

Table 3

The disease and the pollutant that effect the admission.

Diseases	Pollutant	Study	Study design	Effect
Asthma	PM_2.5	Chen et al. 2016	TS & CCO	RR 30.2% (13.4, 49.6) OR 1.229 (1.139, 1.327)
		Cheng et al. 2015	CCO	OR 1.10 (1.06, 1.13)
		Iskandar et al. 2011	CCO	OR 1.09 (1.04, 1.13)
	PM₁₀	Chen et al. 2016	TS & CCO	RR 8.3% (2.5, 14.4) OR 1.035 (1.007, 1.064)
		Cheng et al. 2015	CCO	OR 1.04 (1.03–1.06)
		Iskandar et al. 2011	CCO	OR 1.07 (1.03, 1.12)
	NO₂	Chen et al. 2016	TS & CCO	RR 12.5% (6.6, 18.7), OR 1.077 (1.046, 1.109)
		Iskandar et al. 2011	CCO	OR 1.10 (1.04, 1.16)
		Andersen et al. 2012	Cohort	HR 1.12 (1.04, 1.22)
COPD	PM_2.5	Cheng et al. 2015	CCO	OR 1.11 (1.09, 1.13)
		Atkinson et al. 2014	Cohort	HR 1.05 (0.98, 1.13)
	PM₁₀	Cheng et al. 2015	CCO	OR 1.05 (1.03–1.06)
	NO₂	Atkinson et al. 2014	Cohort	HR 1.06 (0.98, 1.15)
		Andersen et al. 2011	Cohort	HR 1.08 (1.02, 1.14)
		Ghozikali et al. 2015	CCO	RR 1.0038 (1.0004, 1.0094)
	SO₂	Ghozikali et al. 2015	CCO	RR 1.0044 (1, 1.011)
	Ozone	Ghozikali et al. 2015	CCO	RR 1.0058 (1.0022, 1.0094)
Pneumonia	PM_2.5	Cheng et al. 2015	CCO	OR 1.12 (1.11, 1.13)
	PM₁₀	Cheng et al. 2015	CCO	OR 1.05 (1.03–1.06)
Ischaemic stroke	PM_2.5	Hossein	RCS	RR 1.09 (1.03, 1.15)
	PM₁₀	Alimohammadi et al. 2016	RCS	RR 1.14 (1.06, 1.22)
		Oudin et al. 2010	TS	RR 13% (4, 22)
		Vidale et al. 2010	TS	RR 1.078 (1.104, 1.052)
	NO₂	Alimohammadi et al. 2016	RCS	RR 1.07 (1.04, 1.1)
		Vidale et al. 2010	TS	RR 1.039 (1.066, 1.013)
	SO₂	Alimohammadi et al. 2016	RCS	RR 1.08 (1.06, 1.1)
	Ozone	Alimohammadi et al. 2016	RCS	RR 1.07 (1.03, 1.11)
		Montresor-López et al. 2015	CCO	OR 0.98 (0.96, 1.00)

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29024/aogh.2376 | Journal eISSN: 2214-9996

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Language: English

Published on: Nov 5, 2018

Published by: Levy Library Press

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© 2018 Norfazillah Ab Manan, Azimatun Noor Aizuddin, Rozita Hod, published by Levy Library Press
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Volume 84 (2018): Issue 4

Effect of Air Pollution and Hospital Admission: A Systematic Review

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