Covid-19 and Confinement: Effect on Weight Load, Physical Activity and Eating Behavior of Higher Education Students in Southern Morocco

Mohamed Boukrim; Majdouline Obtel; Jalal Kasouati; Abderrahmane Achbani; Rachid Razine

doi:10.5334/aogh.3144

Covid-19 and Confinement: Effect on Weight Load, Physical Activity and Eating Behavior of Higher Education Students in Southern Morocco

Annals of Global Health

Volume 87 (2021): Issue 1

By: Mohamed Boukrim , Majdouline Obtel , Jalal Kasouati , Abderrahmane Achbani and Rachid Razine

Open Access

|Jan 2021

Figures & Tables

Food slices	Score PNNS-GS
T1	Score < 2.5
T2	2.5 ≤ score < 5
T3	Score ≥ 5

Table 1

Distribution of students according to socio-demographic and student characteristics.

VARIABLES	MEAN ± SD**	n	%
Age	20.10 years ± 1.36
Level of formation
1st year		138	34.00
2nd year		128	31.50
3rd year		140	34.50
Gender
Female		302	74.40
Male		104	25.60
Ethnicity
Arabic		189	46.60
Amazigh		133	32.80
Sahrawi		84	20.70
Residence
Urban		358	88.20
Rural		27	6.70
Suburban		21	5.20
Parental Education Level
Illiterate		110	27.10
Primary		69	17.00
Secondary		108	26.60
Superior		119	29.30
Parental Income
Less than 273.54 USD*		86	21.20
[273.54–547.07]		133	32.80
[547.07–820.61]		68	16.70
[820.61–1094.14]		67	16.50
More than 1094.14		52	12.80
Marital Status
Single		394	97.00
Married		9	2.20
Divorced		2	0.50
Widower		1	0.20
BMI in Kg/m²	24.26 ± 3.78
Meager		33	8.10
Normal		265	65.30
Overweight		88	21.70
Obesity		19	4.70

[i] * USD: United States Dollar. ** SD: Standard Deviation.

Table 2

Frequency of consumption of food groups by gender.

VARIABLES	FEMALE N = 302		MALE N = 104		TOTAL N = 406
VARIABLES	n	%	n	%	N	%
Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables
[0–3.5] times per day	150	49.67	46	44.23	196	48.28
[3.5–5] times per day	19	6.29	17	16.35	36	8.87
[5–7.5] times per day	131	43.38	41	39.42	172	42.36
≥7.5 times per day	1	0.33	0	0	1	0.25
Starch Consumption
[0–1] times per day	6	1.99	0	0	6	1.48
[1–3] times per day	35	11.59	14	13.46	49	12.07
[3–6] times per day	144	47.68	48	46.15	192	47.29
≥6 times per day	117	38.74	42	40.38	159	39.16
Consumption of Milk and Dairy Products
[0–1] times per day	41	13.58	17	16.35	58	14.29
[1–2.5] times per day	195	64.57	56	53.85	251	61.82
[2.5–3.5] times per day	50	16.56	25	24.04	75	18.47
≥3.5 times per day	16	5.3	6	5.77	22	5.42
Consumption of Meat, Poultry and Eggs
0 times per day	33	10.93	7	6.73	40	9.85
[0–1] times per day	0	0	0	0	0	0
[1–2] times per day	141	46.69	44	42.31	185	45.57
≥2 times per day	128	42.38	53	50.96	181	44.58
Consumption of Fish and Seafood Products
<2 times/week	161	53.31	49	47.12	210	51.72
≥2 times/week	141	46.69	55	52.88	196	48.28
Consumption of sweet products
<1 times per day	127	42.05	47	46.15	174	43.1
[1–2] times per day	163	53.97	50	48.08	213	52.46
≥2 times per day	12	3.97	7	6.73	19	4.68

Table 3

Distribution of participants by nutritional score and weight status.

N (%)	N (%)
T1	35 (16.20%)	46 (24.20%)	0.0001
T2	167 (77.30%)	109 (57.40%)
T3	14 (6.50%)	35 (18.40%)

Table 4

Distribution of Participants by Intensity of Physical Activity and Threat of Stress.

VARIABLES	WEIGHT LOAD (BMI ≥ 25 KG/M²)				P-VALUE
INTENSITY OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY	YES		NO
INTENSITY OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY	n	%	n	%
Low	139	64	145	76	<0.006
Moderate	77	36	45	24
Intense	0	0	0	0
Threat of stress
Yes	189	87.50	180	90.90
No	27	12.50	10	9.10	0.008

Table 5

Simple binary logistic regression analysis between weight load and participant characteristics.

VARIABLES	n (%)	OR	IC 95%	P
Sex
Female	302 (74.38%)	4.20	[2.58–6.85]	0.0001
Male	104 (2562%)	1
Expenses less than 273,54 USD
Yes	296 (72.91%)	1.53	[0.99–2.35]	0.057
No	110 (27.09%)	1
Menace of stress
Yes	369 (90.87%)	2.571	[1.21–5.46]	0.014
No	37 (10.11%)	1
Low Physical Activity
Yes	284 (69.95%)	1.785	[1.15–2.76]	0.009
No	122 (30.05%	1
Balanced diet
Yes	49 (12.07%)	1		0.0001
No	357 (87.93%)	0.31	[0.16–0.59]
Sleep duration (7h–8h)
Yes	230 (56.65%)	0.936	[0.63–1.39]	0.743
No	176 (43.35%)	1

Table 6

Results of the multiple binary logistic regression analysis.

Variables	n	(%)	OR ADJUSTED	IC À 95%	P-VALUE ADJUSTED
Sex
Female	302	(74.38%)	1		0.0001
Male	104	(2562%)	0.243	[0.146–0.40]
Threat of stress
Yes	369	(90.87%)	2.43	[1.09–5.43]	0.031
No	37	(10.11%)	1
Low Physical Activity
Yes	284	69.95%	1.90	[1.18–3.04]	0.008
No	122	30.05%	1
Balanced diet
Yes	49	12.07%	0.30	[0.15–0.61]	0.001
No	357	87.93%	1
Expenses less than 273,54 USD
Yes	296	72.91%	0.82	[0.50–1.34]	0.42
No	110	27.09%	1

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.3144 | Journal eISSN: 2214-9996

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Language: English

Published on: Jan 6, 2021

Published by: Ubiquity Press

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© 2021 Mohamed Boukrim, Majdouline Obtel, Jalal Kasouati, Abderrahmane Achbani, Rachid Razine, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 87 (2021): Issue 1