COVID-19 & Sociocultural Determinants of Global Sanitation: An Aide-Mémoire and Call to Decolonize Global Sanitation Research & Practice
By: Ans Irfan and Denise T. St. Jean
References
- Bambra C, Riordan R, Ford J, Matthews F. The COVID-19 pandemic and health inequalities. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health; 2020. DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-214401
- Wang ML, Behrman P, Dulin A, Baskin ML, et al. Addressing inequities in COVID-19 morbidity and mortality: Research and policy recommendations. Translational Behavioral Medicine. 2020; 3: 516–519. DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibaa055
- Pedersen S, Ho Y. SARS-CoV-2: A storm is raging. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2020; 130(5): 2202–2205. DOI: 10.1172/JCI137647
- Petersen E, Koopmans M, Go U, et al. Comparing SARS-CoV-2 with SARS-CoV and influenza pandemics. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2020; 20(9): e238–e244. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30484-9
- WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. Covid19.who.int; 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2021, from
https://covid19.who.int/ . - Gaynor T, Wilson, M. Social Vulnerability and equity: The disproportionate impact of COVID-19. Public Administration Review. 2020; 80(5): 832–838. DOI: 10.1111/puar.13264
- The Lancet. Redefining vulnerability in the era of COVID-19. The Lancet. 2020; 395(10230): 1089. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30757-1
- Shadmi E, Chen Y, Dourado I, et al. Health equity and COVID-19: Global perspectives. International Journal For Equity In Health. 2020; 19(1). DOI: 10.1186/s12939-020-01218-z
- Lancet Editorial. COVID-19 transmission—up in the air. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. 2020; 8(12): 1159. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30514-2
- Arslan M, Xu B, Gamal El-Din M. Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via fecal-oral and aerosols–borne routes: Environmental dynamics and implications for wastewater management in underprivileged societies. Science of the Total Environment. 2020; 743: 140709. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140709
- WHO. Water, sanitation, hygiene, and waste management for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19; 2020. Who.int. Retrieved 15 December 2020, from
https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-2019-nCoV-IPC-WASH-2020.4 . - Gormley M. SARS-CoV-2: The growing case for potential transmission in a building via wastewater plumbing systems. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2020; 173(12): 1020–1021. DOI: 10.7326/M20-6134
- Kang M, Wei J, Yuan J, et al. Probable evidence of fecal aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a high-rise building. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2020; 173(12): 974–980. DOI: 10.7326/M20-0928
- Chen Y, Chen L, Deng Q, et al. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the feces of COVID-19 patients. Journal Of Medical Virology. 2020; 92(7): 833–840. DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25825
- Bonato G, Dioscoridi L, Mutignani M. Fecal–oral transmission of SARS-COV-2: Practical implications. Gastroenterology. 2020; 159(4): 1621–1622. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.03.066
- Amirian, E. Potential fecal transmission of SARS-CoV-2: Current evidence and implications for public health. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 95: 363–370. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.057
- Wang W, Xu Y, Gao R, et al. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens. JAMA; 2020. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.3786
- Caruso B, Freeman M. Shared sanitation and the spread of COVID-19: Risks and next steps. The Lancet Planetary Health. 2020; 4(5):
e173 . DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30086-3 - van Doorn A, Meijer B, Frampton C, Barclay M, de Boer N. Systematic review with meta-analysis: SARS-CoV-2 stool testing and the potential for faecal-oral transmission. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics; 2020. DOI: 10.1111/apt.16036
- Ekumah B, Armah F, Yawson D, et al. Disparate on-site access to water, sanitation, and food storage heighten the risk of COVID-19 spread in Sub-Saharan Africa. Environmental Research. 2020; 189: 109936. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109936
- Mushi V, Shao M. Tailoring of the ongoing water, sanitation and hygiene interventions for prevention and control of COVID-19. Tropical Medicine and Health. 2020; 48(1). DOI: 10.1186/s41182-020-00236-5
- Gwenzi W. Leaving no stone unturned in light of the COVID-19 faecal-oral hypothesis? A water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) perspective targeting low-income countries. Science of the Total Environment. 2020; 753: 141751. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141751
- Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH). Who.int; 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2020, from
https://www.who.int/health-topics/water-sanitation-and-hygiene-wash . - Herrera V. Reconciling global aspirations and local realities: Challenges facing the Sustainable Development Goals for water and sanitation. World Development. 2019; 118: 106–117. DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.02.009
- Progress on household drinking water, sanitation and hygiene 2000–2017. World Health Organization; 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2020, from
https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/jmp-report-2019/en/ . - O’Reilly K. From toilet insecurity to toilet security: Creating safe sanitation for women and girls. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water. 2015; 3(1): 19–24. DOI: 10.1002/wat2.1122
- UNICEF. State of the world’s sanitation. Unicef.org; 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2020, from
https://www.unicef.org/reports/state-worlds-sanitation-2020 . - World Health Organization. Preventing diarrhoea through better water, sanitation and hygiene: Exposures and impacts in low- and middle-income countries. World Health Organization; 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2020, from
https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/diseases-risks/gbd_poor_water/en/ . - Trinies V, Chang H, Garn J, Freeman M. The impact of a school-based water, sanitation, and hygiene program on absenteeism, diarrhea, and respiratory infection: A matched–control trial in Mali. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2016; 94(6): 1418–1425. DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0757
- Ashraf S, Islam M, Unicomb L, et al. Effect of improved water quality, sanitation, hygiene and nutrition interventions on respiratory illness in young children in rural Bangladesh: A multi-arm cluster-randomized controlled trial. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2020; 102(5): 1124–1130. DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0769
- Van Minh H, Hung N. Economic aspects of sanitation in developing countries. Environmental Health Insights. 2011; 5:
EHI.S8199 . DOI: 10.4137/EHI.S8199 - Economics of Sanitation Initiative | Water and Sanitation Program. Wsp.org. 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2020, from
https://www.wsp.org/content/economic-impacts-sanitation . - Hutton G. Global costs and benefits of drinking-water supply and sanitation interventions to reach the MDG target and universal coverage. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2012.
- Huda T, Unicomb L, Johnston R, Halder A, Yushuf Sharker M, Luby S. Interim evaluation of a large scale sanitation, hygiene and water improvement programme on childhood diarrhea and respiratory disease in rural Bangladesh. Social Science & Medicine. 2012; 75(4): 604–611. DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.10.042
- Patil SR, Arnold BF, Salvatore AL, et al. The effect of India’s total sanitation campaign on defecation behaviors and child health in rural Madhya Pradesh: A cluster randomized controlled trial. PLoS Med. 2014; 11(8):
e1001709 . DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001709 - Boisson S, Sosai P, Ray S, et al. Promoting latrine construction and use in rural villages practicing open defecation: Process evaluation in connection with a randomised controlled trial in Orissa, India. BMC Research Notes. 2014; 7(1). DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-486
- UNDP Water Governance Facility/UNICEF.
“WASH and Accountability: Explaining the Concept” Accountability for Sustainability Partnership: UNDP Water Governance Facility at SIWI and UNICEF ; 2015. Stockholm and New York. Available fromhttp://www.watergovernance.org/ .https://www.unicef.org/wash/files/Accountability_in_WASH_Explaining_the_Concept.pdf - Engel S, Susilo A. Shaming and sanitation in Indonesia: A return to colonial public health practices? Development and Change. 2014; 45(1): 157–178. DOI: 10.1111/dech.12075
- Coffey D, Gupta A, Hathi P, Spears D, Srivastav N, Vyas S. Culture and the health of transition understanding sanitation behaviour in rural north India; 2015.
https://www.theigc.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Coffey-et-al-2015-Working-Paper-1.pdf - Wasonga J, Okowa M, Kioli F. Sociocultural determinants to adoption of safe water, sanitation, and hygiene practices in Nyakach, Kisumu County, Kenya: A descriptive qualitative study. Journal of Anthropology. 2016; 1–5. DOI: 10.1155/2016/7434328
- van Welie M, Romijn H. NGOs fostering transitions towards sustainable urban sanitation in low-income countries: Insights from Transition Management and Development Studies. Environmental Science & Policy, 2020; 84: 250–260. DOI: 10.1016/j.envsci.2017.08.011
- Toner S. “The paradise of the latrine”: American toilet-building and the continuities of colonial and postcolonial development. Modern American History. 2019; 2(3): 299–320. DOI: 10.1017/mah.2019.33
- Winblad U, Simpson-Hebert M. Ecological Sanitation – Revised and Enlarged Edition. Stockholm Environment Institute; 2004.
- Addressing toilet taboos to improve sanitation. The New Humanitarian; 2012. Retrieved 15 December 2020, from
https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/news/2012/03/23/addressing-toilet-taboos-improve-sanitation . - Thys S, Mwape K, Lefèvre P, et al. Why latrines are not used: Communities’ perceptions and practices regarding latrines in a Taenia solium endemic rural area in Eastern Zambia. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2015; 9(3):
e0003570 . DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003570 - Understanding Open Defecation in Rural India. Economic and Political Weekly; 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2020, from
https://www.epw.in/journal/2017/1/review-rural-affairs/understanding-open-defecation-rural-india.html . - Vyas S, Spears D. Sanitation and religion in South Asia: What accounts for differences across countries? The Journal of Development Studies. 2018; 54(11): 2119–2135. DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2018.1469742
- Worster D. The good muck: Toward an excremental history of China. RCC Perspectives: Transformations in Environment and Society. 2017; 5. DOI: 10.5282/rcc/8135
- Bhattacharjee SS, Human Rights Watch. Cleaning Human Waste: “Manual Scavenging,” Caste, and Discrimination in India; 2014.
- Nawab B, Nyborg ILP, Esser KB, Jenssen PD. Cultural preferences in designing ecological sanitation systems in North West Frontier Province, Pakistan. J Environ Psychol; 2006. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2006.07.005
- Hudelson P. Culture and quality: An anthropological perspective. International Journal for Quality in Health Care. 2004; 16(5): 345–346. DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzh076
- Pfadenhauer L, Rehfuess E. Towards effective and socio-culturally appropriate sanitation and hygiene interventions in the Philippines: A mixed method approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 12(2): 1902–1927. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120201902
- White S, Kuper H, Itimu-Phiri A, Holm R, Biran A. A qualitative study of barriers to accessing water, sanitation and hygiene for disabled people in Malawi. PLOS ONE. 2016; 11(5):
e0155043 . DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155043 - O’Donovan J, Thompson A, Stiles C, et al. Participatory approaches, local stakeholders and cultural relevance facilitate an impactful community-based project in Uganda. Health Promotion International; 2020. DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daz127
- Dery F, Bisung E, Dickin S, Dyer M. Understanding empowerment in water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH): A scoping review. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development. 2019; 10(1): 5–15. DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2019.077
- Niederberger E, Glanville-Wallis T. Community engagement in WASH emergencies: Understanding barriers and enablers based on action research from Bangladesh and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Water. 2019; 11(4), 862. DOI: 10.3390/w11040862
- Tagat A, Kapoor H. “Sacred nudging” and sanitation decisions in India. India Review. 2018; 17(3): 301–319. DOI: 10.1080/14736489.2018.1473320
- Greaves F, Yardley S, van Hoek E. The role of the church in improving access to sanitation.
Loughborough University ; 2019. Conference contribution.https://hdl.handle.net/2134/30552
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.3358 | Journal eISSN: 2214-9996
Language: English
Published on: Sep 14, 2021
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
© 2021 Ans Irfan, Denise T. St. Jean, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.