Figure 1
Data collection timeline.
Table 1
Mobility definitions.
| DEFINITION | CHARACTERISTICS CAPTURED | SOURCE | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Long-term mobility | Spending ≥1 continuous month away from home in the past year | Duration | Intake survey at enrollment |
| General mobility | Any of the following during any follow-up month:
| Frequency Distance Duration | Monthly phone survey (answers aggregated across 5 survey time points) |
Table 2
Participant characteristics.
| PARTICIPANT TOTAL (N = 479) | |
|---|---|
| DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS1 | |
| Female, N (%) | 326 (68%) |
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 41 (12) |
| Relationship status, N (%) | |
| Married and cohabiting | 239 (50%) |
| Married and living apart | 33 (7%) |
| Cohabiting but not married | 94 (20%) |
| Living apart and not married | 97 (20%) |
| Divorced/separated | 14 (3%) |
| Highest level of education, N (%) | |
| Never attended school | 342 (71%) |
| Some primary school | 113 (24%) |
| Completed primary school | 11 (2%) |
| Some secondary school | 12 (3%) |
| Food insecure,2 N (%) | 123 (26%) |
| Refugee status, N (%) | |
| Refugee | 269 (56%) |
| Asylum seeker | 4 (1%) |
| Ugandan national not internally displaced | 186 (39%) |
| Ugandan national internally displaced | 20 (4%) |
| Country of origin, N (%) | |
| Uganda | 205 (43%) |
| Rwanda | 98 (21%) |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) | 69 (14%) |
| Burundi | 61 (13%) |
| South Sudan | 35 (7%) |
| Sudan | 5 (1%) |
| Kenya | 3 (1%) |
| Ethiopia | 2 (0.4%) |
| Tanzania | 1 (0.2%) |
| Place of residence, N (%) | |
| Nakivale refugee settlement | 279 (58%) |
| Palorinya refugee settlement | 23 (5%) |
| Adjumani refugee settlement | 16 (3%) |
| Outside of the settlement | 154 (32%) |
| Years lived in refugee settlement, Median (IQR) | 7 (5–12) |
| Years lived in the district (for those living outside the refugee settlement), Median (IQR) | 20 (9–33) |
| Travel time to clinic in minutes (one-way), median (IQR) | 60 (30–120) |
| HIV CHARACTERISTICS | |
| Newly diagnosed (diagnosed in past 90 days), N (%) | 24 (5%) |
| Diagnosed >90 days prior, N (%) | 455 (95%) |
[i] 1 Percentage of total number of participants reported (N = 479). For each demographic characteristic, percentages, including missingness (not reported in this table), total 100%.
2 Participants were considered food insecure if at any time in the past 4 weeks there was no food to eat of any kind in their household because of a lack of resources, or if their household went to sleep at night hungry because there was not enough food at least 3–10 times.
Table 3
Mobility at baseline.
| PARTICIPANT TOTAL (N = 479) | |
|---|---|
| Number of times home changed in the past 10 years, N (%) | |
| Once | 138 (29%) |
| Twice | 51 (11%) |
| Three times | 15 (3%) |
| Four times | 13 (3%) |
| Five or more times | 6 (1%) |
| No home change | 220 (46%) |
| Home change concerned move to a different country, N (% of those who reported a home change) | 79 (35%) |
| Long-term mobility: spent ≥1 month away from home in the past year, N (%) | 67 (14%) |
| Reasons for spending ≥1 month away, N (% of those who spent ≥1 month away) | |
| Employment or trade | 39 (58%) |
| To be with partner or children, or visiting extended family or friends | 13 (19%) |
| Farming or looking for food | 9 (13%) |
| Education or studies | 2 (3%) |
| Touring | 2 (3%) |
| Attending a function (e.g. funeral, wedding) | 1 (2%) |
| Other | 1 (2%) |
[i] 1 Percentage of total number of participants reported (N = 479). For each demographic characteristic, percentages, including missingness (not reported in this table), total 100%.
Table 4
Prospectively collected mobility.
| PARTICIPANT TOTAL (N = 307)1 | |
|---|---|
| Mobile (meet any of the criteria below), N (%) | 185 (60%) |
| Frequency: took ≥2 trips during ANY month, N (%) | 150 (49%) |
| Distance: travelled outside the district or further during ANY month, N (%) | 68 (22%) |
| Duration: Spent >1 week to 2 weeks (8–14 nights) away in ANY month, N (%) | 69 (23%) |
[i] 1 Of the 479 study participants, 307 (64%) answered monthly mobility survey questions about travel frequency, distance, or duration.
Figure 2
Alluvial plot showing the relationship between various travel characteristics for 319 recent trips reported by participants (N = 273).
* All travel characteristics are mutually exclusive.
Table 5
HIV care outcomes.
| PARTICIPANT TOTAL (N = 479) | |
|---|---|
| Retention in HIV care (≥1 clinic visit/6 month follow-up), N (%) | |
| Retained | 417 (87%) |
| Not retained | 62 (13%) |
| HIV care linkage (≥1 clinic visit in 90 days following diagnosis), N (%) for newly diagnosed index clients | |
| Linked | 17 (71%) |
| Did not link to care | 7 (29%) |
| Viral suppression (viral load < 1,000 copies/mL) | |
| Suppressed | 173 (36%) |
| Non-suppressed | 3 (0.6%) |
| Missing | 303 (63%) |