Seven Months After Tropical Cyclone Chido in Mayotte: Early Lessons and Brain Health Challenges

Jacques Reis; Maxime Ransay-Colle; Alain Buguet; Farid Boumediene; Xavier Deparis; Peter S. Spencer

doi:10.5334/aogh.4921

Seven Months After Tropical Cyclone Chido in Mayotte: Early Lessons and Brain Health Challenges

Annals of Global Health

Volume 91 (2025): Issue 1

By: Jacques Reis , Maxime Ransay-Colle, Alain Buguet , Farid Boumediene , Xavier Deparis and Peter S. Spencer

Open Access

|Nov 2025

France Météo. Saison cyclonique 2024‑2025, Chido. Published October 31, 2024. Accessed June 8, 2025. https://meteofrance.re/fr/cyclone.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
France Météo. Le cyclone intense Chido se dirige vers Mayotte. Published December 13, 2024. Accessed June 8, 2025. https://meteofrance.com/actualites-et-dossiers/actualites/le-cyclone-intense-chido-se-dirige-vers-mayotte.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Center for Disaster Philanthropy. Cyclone Chido. Updated April 18, 2025. Accessed June 8, 2025. https://disasterphilanthropy.org/disasters/cyclone-chido/.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bourdin S, Faranda D. Cyclone Chido à Mayotte: Comprendre le phénomène météorologique et son impact catastrophique. Published December 18, 2024. Accessed June 8, 2025. https://theconversation.com/cyclone-chido-a-mayotte-comprendre-le-phenomene-meteorologique-et-son-impactcatastrophique-246056.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Amourani H. Aéroport, routes, barges, électricité, eau: Le point sur les infrastructures après le passage du cyclone Chido à Mayotte. Published December 16, 2024. Accessed June 8, 2025. https://la1ere.franceinfo.fr/mayotte/aeroport-routes-barges-electricite-eau-le-point-sur-les-infrastructures-apres-le-passage-du-cyclone-chido-a-mayotte-1545745.html.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chido Hangard M. 40 décès officiels et 41 disparus, un bilan victimaire non « définitif ». Published February 13, 2025. Accessed June 8, 2025. https://lejournaldemayotte.yt/2025/02/13/chido-40-deces-officiels-et-41-disparus-un-bilan-victimaire-non-definitif/.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ventura L. Poorest countries in the world 2024. Global Finance. Published 2025. Accessed June 8, 2025. https://gfmag.com/data/economic-data/poorest-country-in-the-world/.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
World Meteorological Organization. Tropical cyclone. Natural Hazards. Published 2025. Accessed June 8, 2025. https://wmo.int/topics/tropical-cyclone.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Osuteye E, Johnson C, Brown D. The data gap: An analysis of data availability on disaster losses in sub‑Saharan African cities. Int J Disaster Risk Reduct. 2017;26:24–33. doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.09.026.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gall M, Borden KA, Cutter SL. When do losses count? Six fallacies of natural hazards loss data. Bull Am Meteorol Soc. 2009;90:799–810. doi:10.1175/2008BAMS2721.1.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
National Research Council (US), Roundtable on the Demography of Forced Migration. In: Reed HE, Keely CB, eds. Forced Migration & Mortality. 1. Understanding Mortality Patterns in Complex Humanitarian Emergencies. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2001. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK223340/.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Breen CF, Rahman S, Kay C, et al. Estimating death rates in complex humanitarian emergencies using the network survival method. Am J Epidemiol. Published online 2025:kwaf101. doi:10.1093/aje/kwaf101.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Dumont G‑F. Mayotte, une exception géopolitique mondiale. Outre‑Terre. 2005;11:515–527. doi:10.3917/oute.011.0515.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Carayol R. Mayotte: Département Colonie. La Fabrique Editions; 2024.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Servière SF. Mayotte: Les chiffres clés d’une situation explosive. Published February 26, 2024. Accessed September 15, 2025. https://www.ifrap.org/etat-et-collectivites/mayotte-les-chiffres-cles-dune-situation-explosive.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
ARS Mayotte. Le panorama santé de l’ARS Mayotte. Published May 14, 2025. Accessed August 10, 2025. https://www.mayotte.ars.sante.fr/le-panorama-sante-de-lars-mayotte.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Météo France. Le cyclone Chido a frappé Mayotte. Published December 16, 2024. Accessed June 8, 2025. https://meteofrance.com/actualites-et-dossiers/actualites/le-cyclone-chido-frappe-mayotte.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Doocy S, Dick A, Daniels A, Kirsch TD. The human impact of tropical cyclones: A historical review of events 1980‑2009 and systematic literature review. PLoS Curr. 2013;5:ecurrents.dis.2664354a5571512063ed29d25ffbce74. doi:10.1371/currents.dis.2664354a5571512063ed29d25ffbce74.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Blendon RJ, Benson JM, DesRoches CM, Lyon‑Daniel K, Mitchell EW, Pollard WE. The public’s preparedness for hurricanes in four affected regions. Public Health Rep. 2007;122:167–176. doi:10.1177/003335490712200206.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lejano R, Tan J, Wilson M. Learning from Typhoon Haiyan. Nature. 2015;518:35. doi:10.1038/518035d.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Yore R, Walker JF. Early warning systems and evacuation: Rare and extreme versus frequent and small‑scale tropical cyclones in the Philippines and Dominica. Disasters. 2021;45:691–716. doi:10.1111/disa.12434.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ladepeche. Cyclone Chido à Mayotte: Les pillages se multiplient. Published December 30, 2024. Accessed June 8, 2025. https://www.ladepeche.fr/2024/12/30/cyclone-chido-a-mayotte-les-pillages-se-multiplient-creant-une-insecurite-aussi-grave-que-le-fait-ne-pas-avoir-deau-ou-delectricite-12419226.php.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Santé Publique France. Bulletins épidémiologiques CHIDO, cellule régionale de Mayotte. Published March 10 2025. Accessed August 10, 2025. https://www.mayotte.ars.sante.fr/sante-publique-france-point-de-situation.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Anonymous. PCL‑S: Évaluation d’un état de stress post traumatique (ESPT). https://www.avocatparis.org/sites/bdp/files/2023-03/echelle%20ESPT%20PCL-%20-%20M%20SALMONA.pdf.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Letourneur EK, Pouye A, Granier I, Mansouri M. “Chido broke it all”: Psychological consequences of a cyclone in an impoverished French territory. Published 2025. Accessed May 13, 2025. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/390946989.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Schmidt C. Beyond wind and flood: Review of cyclone research spotlights trauma outcomes. Environ Health Perspect. 2023;131:104002. doi:10.1289/EHP13761.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Freedy JR, Shaw DL, Jarrell MP, Masters CR. Towards an understanding of the psychological impact of natural disasters: An application of the conservation resources stress model. J Trauma Stress. 1992;5:441–454. doi:10.1002/jts.2490050308.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cruz J, White PCL, Bell A, Coventry PA. Effect of extreme weather events on mental health: A narrative synthesis and meta‑analysis for the UK. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17:8581. doi:10.3390/ijerph17228581.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Huang W, Gao Y, Xu R, et al. Health effects of cyclones: A systematic review and meta‑analysis of epidemiological studies. Environ Health Perspect. 2023;131(8):86001. doi:10.1289/EHP12158.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Miller VE, Fitch KV, Swilley‑Martinez ME, et al. Impact of hurricanes and floodings on mental health outcomes within the United States: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2025;18:e335. doi:10.1017/dmp.2024.327.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Olff M, Hein I, Amstadter AB, et al. The impact of trauma and how to intervene: A narrative review of psychotraumatology over the past 15 years. Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2025;16:2458406. doi:10.1080/20008066.2025.2458406.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Nolting IKL, Morina N, Hoppen TH, Tam KP, Kip A. A meta‑analysis on gender differences in prevalence estimates of mental disorders following exposure to natural hazards. Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2025;16:2476809. doi:10.1080/20008066.2025.2476809.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Johnson ST, Mason SM, Erickson D, Slaughter‑Acey JC, Waters MC. Predicting post‑disaster post‑traumatic stress disorder symptom trajectories: The role of pre‑disaster traumatic experiences. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024;21:749. doi:10.3390/ijerph21060749.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
World Health Organization. Refugee and migrant mental health. Published September 1, 2025. Accessed May 6, 2025. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/refugee-and-migrant-mental-health.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rataj E, Kunzweiler K, Garthus‑Niegel S. Extreme weather events in developing countries and related injuries and mental health disorders—a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2016;16:1020. doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3692-7.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Diseth TH. Dissociation in children and adolescents as reaction to trauma—an overview of conceptual issues and neurobiological factors. Nord J Psychiatry. 2005;59:79–91. doi:10.1080/08039480510022963.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kar N, Mohapatra PK, Nayak KC, Pattanaik P, Swain SP, Kar HC. Post‑traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents one year after a super‑cyclone in Orissa, India: Exploring cross‑cultural validity and vulnerability factors. BMC Psychiatry. 2007;7:8. doi:10.1186/1471-244X-7-8.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Weems CF, Pina AA, Costa NM, Watts SE, Taylor LK, Cannon MF. Predisaster trait anxiety and negative affect predict posttraumatic stress in youths after hurricane Katrina. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2007;75:154–159. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.75.1.154.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Deuchert E, Felfe C. The tempest: Short‑ and long‑term consequences of a natural disaster for children’s development. Eur Econ Rev. 2015;80:280–294. doi:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2015.09.004.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Li Y, Zhou Y, Chen X, Fan F, Musa G, Hoven C. Post‑traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents: Some recent research findings. In: Psychosomatic Medicine. IntechOpen; 2020. doi:10.5772/intechopen.92284.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lee MS, Bhang SY. Assessment tools for the mental health of school‑aged children and adolescents exposed to disaster: A systematic review (1988‑2015). Soa Chongsonyon Chongsin Uihak. 2018;29:88–100. doi:10.5765/jkacap.180002.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Dunn EC, Nishimi K, Powers A, Bradley B. Is developmental timing of trauma exposure associated with depressive and post‑traumatic stress disorder symptoms in adulthood? J Psychiatr Res. 2017;84:119–127. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.09.004.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Maclean JC, Popovici I, French MT. Are natural disasters in early childhood associated with mental health and substance use disorders as an adult? Soc Sci Med. 2016;151:78–91. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.01.006.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Powell T, Wegmann KM, Backode E. Coping and post‑traumatic stress in children and adolescents after an acute onset disaster: A systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18:4865. doi:10.3390/ijerph18094865.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Simeon DT, Grantham‑McGregor SM, Walker SP, Powell CA. Effects of a hurricane on growth and morbidity in children from low‑income families in Kingston, Jamaica. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1993;87:526–528. doi:10.1016/0035-9203(93)90073-y.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Barker DJ. The origins of the developmental theory. J Intern Med. 2007;261:412–417. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2007.01809.x.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Szyf M. The epigenetics of perinatal stress. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2019;21:369–378. doi:10.31887/DCNS.2019.21.4/mszyf.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Thurston AM, Stöckl H, Ranganathan M. Natural hazards, disasters and violence against women and girls: A global mixed‑methods systematic review. BMJ Glob Health. 2021;6:e004377. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004377.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Boddy J, Harris C, O’Leary P, et al. Intersections of intimate partner violence and natural disasters: A systematic review of the quantitative evidence. Trauma Violence Abuse. 2024;25:3131–3148. doi:10.1177/15248380241249145.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Labarda CE, Chan CS. Sleep disturbances, posttraumatic stress, and psychological distress among survivors of the 2013 Super Typhoon Haiyan. Psychiatry Res. 2018;266:284–290. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.03.019.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rolling J, Rabot J, Reynaud E, Kolb O, Bourgin P, Schroder CM. Nightmares and sleep disturbances in children with PTSD: A polysomnographic and actigraphy approach evaluation. J Clin Med. 2023;12:6570. doi:10.3390/jcm12206570.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Weber FC, Wetter TC. The many faces of sleep disorders in post‑traumatic stress disorder: An update on clinical features and treatment. Neuropsychobiology. 2022;81:85–97. doi:10.1159/000517329.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bassetti CLA, Endres M, Sander A, et al. The European Academy of Neurology brain health strategy: One brain, one life, one approach. Eur J Neurol. 2022;29:2559–2566. doi:10.1111/ene.15391.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Fu Q. Autonomic dysfunction and cardiovascular risk in post‑traumatic stress disorder. Auton Neurosci. 2022;237:102923. doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2021.102923.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Siciliano RE, Anderson AS, Compas BE. Autonomic nervous system correlates of posttraumatic stress symptoms in youth: Meta‑analysis and qualitative review. Clin Psychol Rev. 2022;92:102125. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102125.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lauten TH, Natour T, Case AJ. Innate and adaptive immune system consequences of post‑traumatic stress disorder. Auton Neurosci. 2024;252:103159. doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103159.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rolling J, Corduan G, Roth M, Schroder CM, Mengin AC. Violent radicalization and post‑traumatic dissociation: Clinical case of a young adolescent girl radicalized. Front Psychiatry. 2022;13:793291. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.793291.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mohamady N. Psychologie : « Le cyclone est venu réveiller des émotions ». Published March 24, 2025. Accessed July 3, 2025. https://www.mayottehebdo.com/actualite/sante/sante-mentale/psychologie-le-cyclone-est-venu-reveiller-des-emotions/.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mayotte Hangard M. Le stress post‑traumatique, l’autre ravage après Chido. Published April 14, 2025. Accessed May 10, 2025. https://afriquexxi.info/Mayotte-Le-stress-post-traumatique-l-autre-ravage-apres-Chido.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sobel AH, Emanuel KA. Hurricane risk in a changing climate—the role of uncertainty. Nature. 2025;641:848–851. doi:10.1038/d41586-025-01552-8.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Authors

Metrics

Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.4921 | Journal eISSN: 2214-9996

Journal RSS Feed

Language: English

Submitted on: Aug 8, 2025

Accepted on: Oct 9, 2025

Published on: Nov 6, 2025

Published by: Ubiquity Press

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

Keywords:

extreme climatic events,

risk perception,

fatalities,

violence,

post-traumatic stress disorder,

infantile PTSD

© 2025 Jacques Reis, Maxime Ransay-Colle, Alain Buguet, Farid Boumediene, Xavier Deparis, Peter S. Spencer, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 91 (2025): Issue 1