Table 1
Age-standardized rates per 100,000 inhabitants or proportions and their 95% confidence intervals for cardiovascular disease outcomes observed in 2020 and expected (mean of 2015–2019) for epidemiological weeks 10–48, their absolute difference, and risk ratio with 95% confidence intervals. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| OBSERVED (95% CI) | EXPECTED(95% CI) | ABSOLUTE DIFFERENCE | RISK RATIO (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deaths | ||||
| CVD | 247 (238;256) | 245 (236;254) | 2.0 | 1.01 (0.96;1.06) |
| ACS | 41 (37;44) | 40 (37;44) | 0.2 | 1 (0.88;1.14) |
| Stroke | 60 (56;65) | 61 (56;65) | –0.5 | 0.99 (0.89;1.1) |
| HF | 24 (21;27) | 18 (15;20) | 5.9 | 1.32 (1.1;1.59)* |
| Deaths at Home | ||||
| CVD | 84 (78;89) | 63 (59;68) | 20.6 | 1.32 (1.2;1.46)* |
| ACS | 10 (8;12) | 7 (6;9) | 2.8 | 1.38 (1.04;1.82)* |
| Stroke | 9 (7;11) | 7 (6;9) | 1.7 | 1.22 (0.92;1.63) |
| HF | 8 (7;10) | 5 (4;7) | 3.0 | 1.53 (1.12;2.1)* |
| Hospital Admissions | ||||
| CVD | 782 (766;799) | 1026 (1008;1045) | –244.0 | 0.76 (0.74;0.78)* |
| ACS | 176 (169;184) | 222 (214;231) | –45.8 | 0.79 (0.75;0.84)* |
| Stroke | 153 (146;160) | 148 (141;155) | 5.5 | 1.04 (0.97;1.11)* |
| HF | 161 (154;169) | 168 (160;175) | –6.4 | 0.96 (0.9;1.02) |
| ICU Admissions | ||||
| CVD | 299 (289;309) | 341 (330;352) | –41.6 | 0.88 (0.84;0.92)* |
| ACS | 127 (121;134) | 155 (148;163) | –28.4 | 0.82 (0.76;0.88)* |
| Stroke | 48 (44;52) | 41 (37;45) | 7.4 | 1.18 (1.04;1.33)* |
| HF | 45 (42;50) | 43 (39;47) | 2.8 | 1.06 (0.94;1.21) |
| % ICU Admissions | ||||
| CVD | 38 (37;39) | 33 (32;34) | 5.0 | 1.15 (1.1;1.21)* |
| ACS | 72 (70;74) | 70 (68;71) | 2.1 | 1.03 (0.96;1.1) |
| Stroke | 31 (29;33) | 27 (25;29) | 3.8 | 1.14 (1.01;1.29)* |
| HF | 28 (26;30) | 25 (23;27) | 2.8 | 1.11 (0.98;1.25) |
| In-Hospital Deaths | ||||
| CVD | 49 (45;54) | 56 (51;60) | –6.3 | 0.89 (0.79;0.99) * |
| ACS | 7 (5;8) | 9 (7;11) | –2.2 | 0.76 (0.57;1.01) |
| Stroke | 16 (14;18) | 17 (14;19) | –0.7 | 0.96 (0.79;1.18) |
| HF | 13 (11;15) | 12 (10;14) | 0.5 | 1.04 (0.83;1.31) |
| % In-Hospital Deaths | ||||
| CVD | 6 (5;6) | 5 (5;5) | 0.9 | 1.16 (1.04;1.3)* |
| ACS | 4 (3;4) | 4 (3;5) | –0.2 | 0.96 (0.71;1.28) |
| Stroke | 10 (9;12) | 11 (9;13) | –0.8 | 0.93 (0.76;1.13) |
| HF | 8 (6;9) | 7 (6;8) | 0.6 | 1.08 (0.86;1.36) |
[i] ACS: acute coronary syndrome, CI: confidence intervals, CVD: cardiovascular disease, HF: heart failure, ICU: intensive care unit.
Table 2
Risk ratios for total cardiovascular disease outcomes and their 95% confidence intervals in subgroup analysis, according to sex, age group, health vulnerability, and pandemic phase, in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, from epidemiological weeks 10–48, 2020, compared to the mean of epidemiological weeks 10–48, 2015–2019.
| DEATHS | DEATHS AT HOME | % DEATHS AT HOME | HOSP. ADMISSIONS | ICU | % ICU | IN-HOSPITAL DEATHS | % IN-HOSPITAL DEATHS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||||||||
| Female | 0.98 (0.91;1.06) | 1.35 (1.17;1.56)* | 1.35 (1.17;1.56)* | 0.69 (0.66;0.72)* | 0.87 (0.81;0.94)* | 1.26 (1.17;1.35)* | 0.86 (0.73;1.02) | 1.2(1.02;1.42)* |
| Male | 1.04 (0.97;1.11) | 1.29 (1.13;1.47)* | 1.27 (1.11;1.44)* | 0.84 (0.81;0.87)* | 0.88 (0.83;0.94)* | 1.05 (0.99;1.12) | 0.91 (0.78;1.06) | 1.14(0.98;1.32) |
| Age Groups | ||||||||
| 30–59 | 0.91 (0.79;1.04) | 1.09 (0.85;1.4) | 1.2 (0.93;1.54) | 0.66 (0.63;0.69)* | 0.86 (0.79;0.92)* | 1.29 (1.19;1.39)* | 0.8(0.63;1.01) | 1.2(0.95;1.53) |
| 60+ | 1.03 (0.97;1.09) | 1.37 (1.23;1.52)* | 1.33 (1.2;1.48)* | 0.83 (0.8;0.86)* | 0.89 (0.84;0.94)* | 1.07 (1.01;1.14)* | 0.91(0.8;1.04) | 1.1(0.97;1.25) |
| Vulnerability | ||||||||
| Low | 0.95 (0.86;1.05) | 1.21 (1.01;1.45)* | 1.25 (1.04;1.49)* | 0.72 (0.67;0.78)* | 0.82 (0.73;0.92)* | 1.12 (0.99;1.26) | 1.02(0.76;1.38) | 1.32(0.98;1.79) |
| Medium | 1.01 (0.93;1.09) | 1.32 (1.13;1.53)* | 1.32 (1.13;1.53)* | 0.76 (0.73;0.79)* | 0.89 (0.83;0.95)* | 1.18 (1.1;1.26)* | 0.88 (0.75;1.03) | 1.2(1.03;1.41)* |
| High | 1.04 (0.94;1.14) | 1.45 (1.21;1.74)* | 1.41 (1.17;1.69)* | 0.81 (0.78;0.85)* | 0.9 (0.84;0.97)* | 1.13 (1.05;1.21)* | 0.82 (0.69;0.99)* | 1.13(0.95;1.36) |
| Pandemic Phase | ||||||||
| 1° Period | 1.01 (0.92;1.12) | 1.37 (1.15;1.63)* | 1.35 (1.13;1.6)* | 0.77 (0.73;0.81)* | 1.03 (0.95;1.12) | 1.34 (1.24;1.45)* | 0.87(0.7;1.06) | 1.12(0.91;1.38) |
| 2° Period | 0.96 (0.86;1.06) | 1.35 (1.11;1.63)* | 1.4 (1.16;1.7)* | 0.75 (0.71;0.8)* | 0.8 (0.73;0.89)* | 1.07 (0.97;1.18) | 0.81 (0.64;1.02) | 1.07(0.85;1.36) |
| 3° Period | 1.03 (0.95;1.12) | 1.28 (1.1;1.48)* | 1.24 (1.07;1.44)* | 0.76 (0.73;0.8)* | 0.82 (0.76;0.87)* | 1.07 (1;1.14) | 0.95(0.8;1.11) | 1.24(1.05;1.46)* |
[i] ICU: intensive care unit.
Figure 1
Age-standardized death, death at home, and in-hospital death rates per 100,000 inhabitants, for cardiovascular diseases, observed in 2020 and expected (mean of 2015–2019) for epidemiological weeks 10–48, with 95% confidence intervals. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Figure 2
Risk ratios expected (mean of 2015–2019) and observed in 2020 for age-standardized rates per 100,000 inhabitants or proportions for cardiovascular disease outcomes for epidemiological weeks 10–48. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.