Table 1
Distribution of participants by age & sex and prevalence of CVD risk factors by age groups (N = 1018).
| AGE GROUP | 30–39 n (%) | 40–49 n (%) | 50–59 n (%) | 60–69 n (%) | TOTAL n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 142 (31.4) | 168 (37.2) | 129 (28.5) | 13 (2.9) | 452 (44.4) |
| Female | 218 (38.5) | 188 (33.2) | 143 (25.3) | 17 (3.0) | 566 (55.6) |
| Total | 360 (35.4) | 356 (35) | 272 (26.7) | 30 (3.0) | 1018 (100.0) |
| CVD RISK FACTORS | % (95% CI) | ||||
| Current smoking | 10.6 (7.8–14.1) | 24.2 (20.0–28.9) | 39 (33.3–44.9) | 33.3 (18.7–52.0) | 23.6 (21.1–26.3) |
| Current smokeless tobacco | 3.3 (1.9–5.8) | 2.5 (1.3–4.8) | 5.5 (3.3–9.0) | 3.3 (0.4–20.8) | 3.6 (2.6–5.0) |
| Current alcohol use | 9 (6.5–12.5) | 16.4 (12.9–20.7) | 17.2 (13.1–22.2) | 0.0 (0.0) | 13.5 (11.6–15.8) |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 13.9 (10.7–17.9) | 19.4 (15.6–23.8) | 24.3 (19.5–29.7) | 16.7 (7.0–34.7) | 18.7 (16.3–21.1) |
| Overweight | 38.6 (33.7–43.8) | 33.4 (28.7–38.5) | 29.8 (24.6–35.5) | 30 (16.2–48.9) | 34.1 (31.3–37.2) |
| Obesity | 11.1 (8.2–14.8) | 12.4 (9.3–16.2) | 13.2 (9.7–17.8) | 13.3 (5.0–31.0) | 12.2 (10.3–14.3) |
| Hypertension | 29.4 (24.9–34.4) | 41.6 (36.5–46.8) | 44.5 (38.6–50.5) | 86.7 (68.0–95.2) | 39.4 (36.4–42.4) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 3.9 (2.3–6.5) | 8.7 (6.2–12.1) | 9.2 (6.3–13.3) | 20 (9.1–38.3) | 7.5 (6.0–9.2) |
Table 2
Distribution of CVD risk factors of study participants by sex (N = 1018).
| VARIABLES | MALE (n = 452, 44.4%) n (%) | FEMALE (n = 566, 55.6%) n (%) | TOTAL (n = 1018) n (%) | p-VALUE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current smoking | 194 (42.9) | 46 (8.1) | 240 (23.6) | <0.001 |
| Current smokeless tobacco use | 34 (7.5) | 3 (0.5) | 37 (3.6) | <0.001 |
| Current alcohol use (30 days) | 135 (29.9%) | 1 (0.2) | 136 (13.5%) | <0.001 |
| Overweight | 161 (35.6) | 187 (33.0) | 348 (34.2) | 0.07 |
| Obesity | 42 (9.3) | 82 (14.5) | 124 (12.2) | 0.07 |
| High blood pressure | 173 (38.3) | 179 (31.6) | 352 (34.6) | 0.03 |
| Known case of Hypertension | 21 (4.6) | 85 (15.0) | 106 (10.4) | <0.001 |
| Raised blood glucose | 33 (7.3) | 36 (6.4) | 69 (6.8) | 0.61 |
| Known case of Diabetes mellitus | 10 (2.2) | 16 (2.8) | 26 (2.6) | 0.54 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 75 (16.6) | 115 (20.3) | 190 (18.7) | 0.13 |
Table 3
Agreement level between WHO Cardiovascular Disease risk prediction charts with laboratory and non-laboratory charts: (N = 1018).
| RISK LEVELS OF WHO LABORATORY-BASED CHART | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <5% n (%) | 5–9% n (%) | 10–19% n (%) | 20–29% n (%) | ≥30% n (%) | TOTAL n | |
| Risk levels of WHO non-laboratory based chart | ||||||
| <5% | 645 (63.4) | 40 (3.9) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 686 (67.4) |
| 5–9% | 68 (6.7) | 175 (17.2) | 27 (2.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 270 (26.5) |
| 10–19% | 1 (0.1) | 28 (2.8) | 28 (2.8) | 3 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 60 (5.9) |
| 20–29% | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.2) |
| ≥30% | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Total | 714 (70.1) | 244 (24) | 57 (5.6) | 3 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1018 (100) |
| CHARACTERISTICS OF CONCORDANCE | n (%) | |||||
| Concordance | 848 (83.3) | |||||
| Non-concordance | 170 (16.7) | |||||
| Underestimate | 71 (7) | |||||
| Overestimate | 99 (9.7) | |||||
| K value-Cohen’s Kappa (95% CI) | Agreement = 83.3%Expected agreement = 53.9%kappa – value = 0.64 (0.02) | |||||