Table 1
Baseline table of the study population.
| n (%) | MISSING, n (%) | OVERALL | WOMEN | MEN |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 83 903 (100) | 42 262 (50.4) | 41 641 (49.6) | ||
| Age (mean (SD)) | 0 (0) | 52.8 (8.4) | 53.0 (8.6) | 52.5 (8.3) |
| Visits (median (IQR))* | 58 200 (69.4) | 2.0 (1.0–3.0) | 2.0 (1.0–3.0) | 2.0 (1.0–3.0) |
| Risk factors (mean (SD))** | ||||
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 66 642 (79.4) | 136.2 (19.0) | 134.7 (19.4) | 137.9 (18.2) |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 66 660 (79.5) | 82.9 (11.2) | 82.0 (11.0) | 83.9 (11.2) |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 68 470 (81.6) | 5.14 (1.1) | 5.26 (1.1) | 5.01 (1.1) |
| Triglycerides (median (IQR); mmol/L) | 68 522 (81.7) | 1.40 (1.0–2.0) | 1.30 (0.9–1.8) | 1.50 (1.1–2.2) |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 68 519 (81.7) | 1.32 (0.4) | 1.44 (0.4) | 1.18 (0.3) |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 68 986 (82.2) | 3.10 (1.0) | 3.15 (1.0) | 3.03 (1.0) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 72 674 (86.6) | 29.0 (5.8) | 29.4 (6.4) | 28.6 (5.1) |
| HbA1c (median (IQR); mmol/mol) | 78 338 (93.4) | 50.0 (42.0–58.0) | 49.0 (42.0–57.0) | 50.0 (42.0–60.0) |
| eGFR (median (IQR); mL/min/1.73 m2) | 65 542 (78.1) | 83.0 (73.0–95.0) | 82.0 (72.0–94.0) | 85.0 (75.0–96.0) |
| Elevated risk factor levels (%) | ||||
| LDL-c ≥ 2.6 mmol/L | / | 12.4 | 13.5 | 11.3 |
| SBP/DBP ≥ 140/90 mmHg | / | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.7 |
| Medications (%)*** | ||||
| Lipid-lowering drugs | / | 8.0 | 7.4 | 8.6 |
| Statins | / | 7.9 | 7.3 | 8.5 |
| Antihypertensive drugs | / | 14.8 | 15.9 | 13.7 |
| ACE inhibitors | / | 5.8 | 5.2 | 6.4 |
| ARB | / | 3.3 | 3.6 | 3.0 |
| Beta blockers | / | 5.6 | 6.5 | 4.6 |
| Calcium chain blockers | / | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.5 |
| Diuretics | / | 5.6 | 6.3 | 4.9 |
[i] * Refers to the number of weekly aggregated risk factor measurements in 2018.
** The first measurement in 2018 was selected per id.
*** Refers to the number of individuals with at least one prescription in the year 2018.
HDL cholesterol = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL cholesterol = low-density lipoprotein; HbA1c = glycated hemoglobin; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; ACE inhibitors = angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker; SD = standard deviation; IQR = interquartile range.
Figure 1
Forestplot of the women-to-men risk ratios of measurement for CVD risk factors. The analyses are adjusted for age and men are the reference category. The significant p-values show an interaction between age (as continuous variable) and sex. SBP = systolic blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; TC = total cholesterol; TG = triglycerides; HDL = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BMI = body mass index; HbA1c = glycated hemoglobin; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; RR = risk ratio; CI = confidence interval.
Figure 2
Forestplots of the mean differences between women and men in the levels of cardiovascular risk factors. The analyses are adjusted for age and men are the reference category. A. Non-transformed variables. B. Log-transformed estimates. SBP = systolic blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; TC = total cholesterol; HDL = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BMI = body mass index; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; TG = triglycerides; HbA1c = glycated hemoglobin; SD = standard deviation; MD = mean difference; CI = confidence interval.
Figure 3
Forestplots of the women-to-men risk ratios of being treated with antihypertensive drugs and lipid-lowering drugs. The analyses were conducted in individuals with elevated risk factor levels. The analyses are adjusted for age and men are the reference category. A. General medication groups. B. Treatment subtypes. BP = blood pressure; ACE inhibitors = angiotensin converter enzyme inhibitors; RR = risk ratio; CI = confidence interval.
Figure 4
Forestplot of the women-to-men risk ratios in the control of systolic blood pressure and LDL cholesterol. The analyses were conducted in individuals with at least one prescription for antihypertensive or lipid-lowering medications in the 6 months prior to the CVD risk factor measurement. The analyses are adjusted for age and men are the reference category. LDL-c = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RR = risk ratio; CI = confidence interval.