Temporal Trends and Burden of Rheumatic Heart Disease in South Asia: A Comprehensive Analysis of Three Decades from Global Burden of Disease Study

Khalid Naseeb; Muhammad Nauman Khan; Najia Aslam Soomro; Abdul Hameed; Gian Chand; Jaghat Ram; Ahmed Raheem

doi:10.5334/gh.1336

Temporal Trends and Burden of Rheumatic Heart Disease in South Asia: A Comprehensive Analysis of Three Decades from Global Burden of Disease Study

Global Heart

Volume 19 (2024): Issue 1

By: Khalid Naseeb , Muhammad Nauman Khan , Najia Aslam Soomro , Abdul Hameed , Gian Chand , Jaghat Ram and Ahmed Raheem

Open Access

|Jun 2024

Abstract

Background: The objective of this study is to conduct a temporal analysis of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) disease burden trends over a 30-year period (1991 to 2021), focusing on prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in the South Asia (SA).

Methods: In this ecological study, we analyzed data regarding burden of RHD from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) study spanning the years 1991 to 2021 for the SA Region. Estimates of the number RHD-related prevalence, deaths, and DALYs along with age-standardized rates (ASR) per 100,000 population and 95% uncertainty intervals (UI) were evaluated.

Results: The overall prevalent cases of RHD in the 2021 were 54785.1 × 10³ (43328.4 × 10³ to 67605.5 × 10³), out of which 14378.8 × 10³ (11206.9 × 10³ to 18056.9 × 10³) were from SA. The ASR of point prevalence showed upward trend between 1991 and 2021, at global level and for SA with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of 0.40 (0.39 to 0.40) and 0.12 (0.11 to 0.13), respectively. The overall number of RHD-related deaths in the 2021 were 373.3 × 10³ (324.1 × 10³ to 444.8 × 10³), out of which 215 × 10³ (176.9 × 10³ to 287.8 × 10³) were from SA, representing 57.6% of the global deaths. The ASR of deaths also showed downward trend between 1991 and 2021, at global level and for SA with an AAPC of –2.66 (–2.70 to –2.63) and –2.07 (–2.14 to –2.00), respectively. The ASR of DALYs showed downward trend between 1990 and 2019, at global level and for South Asian region with an AAPC of –2.47 (–2.49 to –2.44) and –2.22 (–2.27 to –2.17), respectively.

Conclusion: The rising age-standardized prevalence of RHD remains a global concern, especially in South Asia which contribute to over 50% of global RHD-related deaths. Encouragingly, declining trends in RHD-related deaths and DALYs hint at progress in RHD management and treatment on both a global and regional scale.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/gh.1336 | Journal eISSN: 2211-8179

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Language: English

Submitted on: Oct 22, 2023

Accepted on: Jun 10, 2024

Published on: Jun 26, 2024

Published by: Ubiquity Press

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

Keywords:

South Asia,

rheumatic heart disease,

burden,

prevalence,

deaths

© 2024 Khalid Naseeb, Muhammad Nauman Khan, Najia Aslam Soomro, Abdul Hameed, Gian Chand, Jaghat Ram, Ahmed Raheem, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 19 (2024): Issue 1