Disease and Economic Burden of Intellectual Developmental Disability Attributable to Congenital Heart Disease, 1990–2021
By: Xinjie Lin, Qiyu He, Xuyan Pei, Yanshang Wang, Sirui Zhou, Li Chen, Kai Ma, Zheng Dou, Yuze Liu, Yanbing Ma and Shoujun Li
Authors
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037
Division of Prevention and Community Health, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research center of Cardiovascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 102308
Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Science, University College London, London WC1E 6BT
Sirui Zhou
Center of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083
Kai Ma
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100037
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/gh.1511 | Journal eISSN: 2211-8179
Language: English
Submitted on: Aug 11, 2025
Accepted on: Dec 11, 2025
Published on: Jan 16, 2026
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
© 2026 Xinjie Lin, Qiyu He, Xuyan Pei, Yanshang Wang, Sirui Zhou, Li Chen, Kai Ma, Zheng Dou, Yuze Liu, Yanbing Ma, Shoujun Li, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.