Table 1
Demographic data, clinical characteristics, and outcome of all patients in the two groups.
| Group I (N = 215) (very early PCI) | Group II (N = 205) (early PCI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 60.01 ± 8.74 | 59.81 ± 8.51 | 0.813 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 123 (57.2%) | 110(53.7%) | 0.464 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 79(36.7%) | 86(42.0%) | 0.275 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 122(56.7%) | 111(54.1%) | 0.592 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 116(54.0%) | 99(48.3%) | 0.246 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 76(35.3%) | 77(37.6%) | 0.638 |
| Prior myocardial infarction, n (%) | 16 (7.4%) | 17 (8.3%) | 0.746 |
| CKD, n (%) | 27(12.6%) | 26(12.7%) | 0.969 |
| BMI, (kg/m2) | 25.1 ± 3.21 | 24.6 ± 3.01 | 0.151 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 117.3 ± 20.6 | 120.1 ± 17.9 | 0.143 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 77.6 ± 12.3 | 79.9 ± 11.1 | 0.046* |
| LVEF, (%) | 45.88 ± 4.78 | 46.55 ± 4.77 | 0.151 |
| CIN, n (%) | 23(10.7%) | 19(9.3%) | 0.625 |
| Mortality, n (%) | 13 (6.0%) | 12 (5.9%) | 0.933 |
| Major bleeding, n (%) | 9 (4.2%) | 4 (2.0%) | 0.186 |
| Cardiogenic shock, n (%) | 15(7.0%) | 12(5.9%) | 0.639 |
| Heart failure, n (%) | 16(7.4%) | 18(8.8%) | 0.615 |
| Cerebral stroke, n (%) | 3 (1.4%) | 2(1.0%) | 0.692 |
[i] BMI: body mass index; BP: blood pressure; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; CIN: contrast induced nephropathy.
Figure 1
Comparison of the outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention between group I very early PCI (within 3–12 h) and group II early PCI (within 12–24 h).
Table 2
Laboratory results of all patients in the two groups.
| Group I (N = 215) (very early PCI) | Group II (N = 205) (early PCI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Random blood sugar, mg/dl | 142.1 ± 33.1 | 139.6 ± 25.4 | 0.379 |
| CK-MB, U/L | 73.2 ± 33.1 | 75.8 ± 32.8 | 0.421 |
| Hemoglobin level, g/dl | 11.19 ± 1.68 | 11.39 ± 1.61 | 0.216 |
| Creatinine pre-procedure, mg/dl | 1.47 ± 0.36 | 1.45 ± 0.34 | 0.596 |
| Creatinine post-procedure, mg/dl | 1.54 ± 0.49 | 1.56 ± 0.46 | 0.633 |
| E-GFR pre-procedure, (N& %) | |||
| 60–89 (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 109 (50.7%) | 110(53.7%) | 0.718 |
| 30–59 (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 89 (41.4%) | 77(37.6%) | |
| <30 (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 17 (7.9%) | 18 (8.8%) | |
| E-GFR post-procedure, (N& %) | |||
| 60–89 (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 86 (40.0%) | 99 (48.3%) | 0.152 |
| 30–59 (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 106 (49.3%) | 82 (40.0%) | |
| <30 (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 23 (10.7%) | 24 (11.7%) | |
| E-GFR pre-procedure,(M ± SD) | |||
| 60–89 (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 77.50 ± 7.96 | 78.32 ± 7.13 | 0.418 |
| 30–59 (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 46.27 ± 9.19 | 45.59 ± 9.04 | 0.634 |
| <30 (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 28.18 ± 0.78 | 27.59 ± 1.22 | 0.103 |
| E-GFR post-procedure,(M ± SD) | |||
| 60–89 (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 74.24 ± 8.62 | 76.05 ± 8.08 | 0.144 |
| 30–59 (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 42.86 ± 8.15 | 43.52 ± 8.15 | 0.585 |
| <30 (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 27.61 ± 1.99 | 27.10 ± 1.51 | 0.332 |
[i] CK-MB: Creatine kinase myocardial band; E-GFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate.
Table 3
Angiographic results of all patients in the two groups.
| Group I (N = 215) (very early PCI) | Group II (N = 205) (early PCI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Culprit vessel | |||
| LM coronary artery, n (%) | 3(1.4%) | 2(1.0%) | 0.692 |
| LAD coronary artery, n (%) | 88(40.9%) | 79(38.5%) | 0.616 |
| CX coronary artery, n (%) | 62(28.8%) | 69(33.7%) | 0.286 |
| Right coronary artery, n (%) | 61(28.4%) | 56(27.3%) | 0.809 |
| Thrombus burden | |||
| Low | 71 (33.0%) | 74 (36.1%) | 0.620 |
| Moderate | 74 (34.4%) | 73 (35.6%) | |
| High | 70 (32.6%) | 58 (28.3%) | |
| Aspiration catheter | 21 (9.8%) | 34 (16.6%) | 0.038* |
| Reperfusion type | |||
| Balloon angioplasty | 16(7.4%) | 7 (3.4%) | 0.193 |
| Direct stenting | 62(28.8%) | 61 (29.8%) | |
| Stenting after pre-dilatation | 137 (63.7%) | 137(66.8%) | |
| Post-procedural TIMI flow | |||
| 0 | 6 (2.8%) | 12 (5.9%) | 0.044* |
| 1 | 11 (5.1%) | 17 (8.3%) | |
| 2 | 14 (6.5%) | 23 (11.2%) | |
| 3 | 184 (85.6%) | 153(74.6%) | |
| Volume of contrast agent,(ml) | 131.4 ± 45.68 | 125.4 ± 35.62 | 0.134 |
[i] LM: left main; LAD: left anterior descending; CX: circumflex; TIMI: thrombolysis in myocardial infarction.
Figure 2
Comparison of TIMI flow after percutaneous coronary intervention between group I very early PCI (within 3–12 h) and group II early PCI (within 12–24 h).