Ambulatory Patients with Cardiometabolic Disease and Without Evidence of COVID-19 During the Pandemic. The CorCOVID LATAM Study

Ricardo Lopez Santi; Manlio F. Márquez; Daniel Piskorz; Clara Saldarriaga; Alberto Lorenzatti; Fernando Wyss; Alexander Valdés Martín; Jorge Sotomayor Perales; Jean Carrion Arcela; Elirub de Lourdes Rojas Gimon; Gustavo Sambadaro; Gonzalo Emanuel Perez; Ivan Mendoza; Fernando Lanas; Roberto Flores; Alvaro Sosa Liprandi; Bryce Alexander; Adrian Baranchuk

doi:10.5334/gh.932

Ambulatory Patients with Cardiometabolic Disease and Without Evidence of COVID-19 During the Pandemic. The CorCOVID LATAM Study

Volume 16 (2021): Issue 1

By: Ricardo Lopez Santi, Manlio F. Márquez, Daniel Piskorz, Clara Saldarriaga, Alberto Lorenzatti, Fernando Wyss, Alexander Valdés Martín, Jorge Sotomayor Perales, Jean Carrion Arcela, Elirub de Lourdes Rojas Gimon, Gustavo Sambadaro, Gonzalo Emanuel Perez, Ivan Mendoza, Fernando Lanas, Roberto Flores, Alvaro Sosa Liprandi, Bryce Alexander and Adrian Baranchuk

Open Access

|Feb 2021

Figures & Tables

Table 1

Descriptive analysis of socio-demographic characteristic of the population. Categorical variables are shown as percentages with counts in parentheses.

Baseline socio demographic profile		Baseline habits profile
*Region of origin*		*Habits*
➢ North, Central, Caribbean	33.8% (1426)	Smoking
➢ Andean	32.2% (1359)	➢ No-smoking	85.6% (3610)
➢ Southern cone	33.9% (1431)	➢ 1–10 cigarettes/day	9.0% (381)
*Age (years)*	60.3 (SD 15.39)	➢ 10–20 cigarettes/day	3.9% (165)
*Sex*		➢ More than 20 cigarettes/day	1.4% (60)
➢ Male	50.9% (2147)	Physical activity
➢ Female	49% (2069)	➢ None	38% (1605)
*Education*		➢ Less than 3 times/week	34.4% (1454)
➢ None	2.2% (96)	➢ 3–6 times/week	14.9% (632)
➢ Primary	19.1% (807)	➢ Everyday	12.4% (525)
➢ Secondary	32.1% (1355)	Physical activity Min/week
➢ Tertiary	15.3% (646)	➢ Less than 100 minutes	44.5% (1164)
➢ Academic	31.1% (1312)	➢ 100 to 150 minutes	31.3% (818)
*Occupation*		➢ 151 to 200 minutes	14.2% (372)
➢ Housekeeper	4.6% (194)	➢ More than 200 minutes	9.8% (257)
➢ Public employee	18.1% (766)	Alcohol intake
➢ Private employee	19.4% (819)	➢ Yes	42.6% (1797)
➢ Independent contractor	6.7% (284)	➢ No	57.3% (2419)
➢ Academic degree	12.1% (512)	Frequency of consumption (n = 1797)
➢ Retired	12.5% (528)	➢ Occasionally	68.2% (1227)
➢ Unemployed	26.4% (1113)	➢ Every week	17.2% (310)
*Income level*		➢ Almost every day	7.7% (139)
➢ Very low	10% (422)	➢ Every day	6% (109)
➢ Low	35.5% (1498)	➢ Missing data	0.6% (12)
➢ Middle	48.5% (2047)	Frequency of intake of fruits and vegetables
➢ High	5.9% (249)	➢ Never	7.7% (326)
		➢ 1–3 days/week	34.8% (1469)
		➢ 4–6 days/week	22.7% (958)
		➢ Everyday	34.7% (1463)
		Daily intake of fruits and vegetables
		➢ 1 serving	28.5% (1202)
		➢ 2–3 servings	56.7% (2393)
		➢ 4–5 servings	10.7% (451)
		➢ More than 5 servings	2.6% (111)
		➢ Missing data	1.4% (59)

Table 2

Descriptive analysis of cardiometabolic profile of the population. Categorical variables are shown as percentages with counts in parentheses.

Baseline Cardiometabolic profile
*CV History*
Hypertension	72.8 % (3071)
Dyslipidemia	36.8 % (1555)
Diabetes	21.3 % (899)
Coronary disease	18.2 % (769)
Arrhythmias	16.9 % (714)
Heart failure	10.3 % (436)
Valvulopathy	8.2 % (346)
Peripheral vascular disease	4.2 % (181)
Cardiomyopathy	4 % (172)
Stroke	3.9 % (168)
Cardiac devices	3.8 % (164)
Other	2.3 % (99)
*Last hospitalization due to a cardiovascular event*
Never	51.3% (2165)
2020	11.1% (470)
2019	11.1% (469)
2018	7.0% (298)
2017 or earlier	19.3% (814)
*Number of pills taken per day*
Less than 4	67.0% (2825)
5 to 8	27.5% (1160)
9 to 12	4.8% (203)
More than 12	0.6% (28)

Table 3

Changes in lifestyle habits in the last 30 days. Behavior is expressed as percentage of affirmative answers and in brackets the number of patients involved.

Physical activity	n (%)
Changes in physical activity (n = 2611)
It has been less than in the previous months	61.3% (1601)
It has been the same as in the previous months	28.4% (742)
It has been more than in the previous months	10.2% (268)
Have you used any app for training?
Yes	21.3% (558)
No	78.6% (2053)
Smoking
Changes in Smoking habit (n = 606)
It has been less than in the previous months	33% (200)
It has been the same as in the previous months	25.7% (156)
It has been more than in the previous months	17% (103)
Missing data	24.2% (147)
Have you considered Smoking cessation?
Yes	52.3% (317)
Alcohol Intake
Changes in alcohol intake (n = 1797)
It has been less than in the previous months	45.4% (816)
It has been the same as in the previous months	34.7% (624)
It has been more than in the previous months	11.3% (204)
Missing data	8.5% (153)
Dietary intake of fruits and vegetables
Changes in fruits and vegetables intake (n = 4216)
It has been less than in the previous months	27.9% (1177)
It has been the same as in the previous months	49.8% (2103)
It has been more than in the previous months	22.2% (936)

Percentage of patients who have had problems accessing some medication and patients with treatment discontinuation.

Table 4

Discontinuation of medication related to numbers of pills and cardiovascular antecedents.

	Univariate Logistic			Multivariate Logistic
	OR crude	95%CI	P value	Adjusted OR	95%CI	P value
Male sex	0.92	0.78–1.08	0.312	1.01	0.86–1.20	0.819
Pills per day
- Less than 4	Baseline	N/A	N/A	Baseline	N/A	N/A
- 5–8	0.85	0.70–1.02	0.096	0.80	0.65–0.99	0.047
- 9–12	1.19	0.83–1.70	0.335	1.07	0.73–1.59	0.698
- More than 12	1.28	0.51–3.18	0.590	1.09	0.42–2.80	0.857
Cardiovascular History
Stroke	0.72	0.45–1.14	0.163	0.70	0.44–1.12	0.147
Peripheral vascular disease	1.54	1.08–2.19	0.015	1.55	1.08–2.24	0.018
Coronary disease	1.16	0.94–1.41	0.148	1.29	1.04–1.60	0.018
Diabetes	1.01	0.83–1.23	0.883	1.08	0.88–1.33	0.411
Hypertension	0.74	0.62–0.88	0.001	0.86	0.71–1.03	0.119
Dyslipidemia	0.81	0.68–0.96	0.016	0.85	0.71–1.02	0.084
Heart failure	1.44	1.13–1.84	0.003	1.36	1.05–1.75	0.017
Cardiomyopathy	1.49	1.04–2.15	0.029	1.30	0.89–1.91	0.172
Valvular heart disease	1.77	1.37–2.29	<0.001	1.66	1.27–2.17	<0.001
Arrhythmias	0.97	0.78–1.21	0.833	0.90	0.72–1.12	0.357
Cardiac devices	1.04	0.69–1.57	0.834	0.95	0.62–1.45	0.816
Depression	2.02	1.72–2.38	0.000	2.01	1.71–2.37	<0.001

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/gh.932 | Journal eISSN: 2211-8179

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Language: English

Submitted on: Oct 4, 2020

Accepted on: Jan 14, 2021

Published on: Feb 17, 2021

Published by: Ubiquity Press

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

Keywords:

Latin America,

COVID-19 pandemic,

cardiovascular disease,

cardiometabolic disease,

social determinants,

SARS-CoV-2

© 2021 Ricardo Lopez Santi, Manlio F. Márquez, Daniel Piskorz, Clara Saldarriaga, Alberto Lorenzatti, Fernando Wyss, Alexander Valdés Martín, Jorge Sotomayor Perales, Jean Carrion Arcela, Elirub de Lourdes Rojas Gimon, Gustavo Sambadaro, Gonzalo Emanuel Perez, Ivan Mendoza, Fernando Lanas, Roberto Flores, Alvaro Sosa Liprandi, Bryce Alexander, Adrian Baranchuk, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 16 (2021): Issue 1

Ambulatory Patients with Cardiometabolic Disease and Without Evidence of COVID-19 During the Pandemic. The CorCOVID LATAM Study

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Figure 2

Figure 3

Table 4

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