Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Ideal Cardiovascular Health in a Nationally Representative Population-Based Sample of Adults in Malawi Cover

Ideal Cardiovascular Health in a Nationally Representative Population-Based Sample of Adults in Malawi

By: Supa Pengpid and  Karl Peltzer  
Open Access
|Apr 2021

References

  1. World Health Organization (WHO). Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), 2017. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds) (accessed 11 November 2020).
  2. GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 17 Oct 2020; 396(10258): 12041222. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30925-9.
  3. Lloyd-Jones DM, Hong Y, Labarthe D, et al. Defining and setting national goals for cardiovascular health promotion and disease reduction: The American Heart Association’s strategic Impact Goal through 2020 and beyond. Circulation. 2 February 2010; 121(4): 586613. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192703.
  4. Huffman MD, Capewell S, Ning H, et al. Cardiovascular health behavior and health factor changes (1988–2008) and projections to 2020: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Circulation. 2012; 125: 25952602. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.070722
  5. Younus A, Aneni EC, Spatz ES, et al. A Systematic Review of the Prevalence and Outcomes of Ideal Cardiovascular Health in US and Non-US Populations. Mayo Clin Proc. May 2016; 91(5): 64970. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.01.019.
  6. World Health Organization. Noncommunicable Diseases (NCD) Country Profiles, Malawi, 2018. https://www.who.int/nmh/countries/mwi_en.pdf?ua=1 (accessed 25 November 2020).
  7. Amberbir A, Lin SH, Berman J, et al. Systematic Review of Hypertension and Diabetes Burden, Risk Factors, and Interventions for Prevention and Control in Malawi: The NCD BRITE Consortium. Glob Heart. June 2019; 14(2): 109118. DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2019.05.001.
  8. Price AJ, Crampin AC, Amberbir A, et al. Prevalence of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes, and cascade of care in sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-sectional, population-based study in rural and urban Malawi. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. March 2018; 6(3): 208222. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30432-1.
  9. Keates AK, Mocumbi AO, Ntsekhe M, Sliwa K, Stewart S. Cardiovascular disease in Africa: Epidemiological profile and challenges. Nat Rev Cardiol. May 2017; 14(5): 273293. DOI: 10.1038/nrcardio.2017.19.
  10. Peng Y, Cao S, Yao Z, Wang Z. Prevalence of the cardiovascular health status in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. December 2018; 28(12): 11971207. DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.08.002.
  11. Ketelaar EJ, Vos AG, Godijk NG, et al. Ideal Cardiovascular Health Index and Its Determinants in a Rural South African Population. Glob Heart. 25 November 2020; 15(1): 76. DOI: 10.5334/gh.801.
  12. Magodoro IM, Feng M, North CM, et al. Female sex and cardiovascular disease risk in rural Uganda: a cross-sectional, population-based study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 25 April 2019; 19(1): 96. DOI: 10.1186/s12872-019-1072-9.
  13. van Nieuwenhuizen B, Zafarmand MH, Beune E, et al. Ideal cardiovascular health among Ghanaian populations in three European countries and rural and urban Ghana: The RODAM study. Intern Emerg Med. September 2018; 13(6): 845856. DOI: 10.1007/s11739-018-1846-6.
  14. Machado LBM, Silva BLS, Garcia AP, et al. Ideal cardiovascular health score at the ELSA-Brasil baseline and its association with sociodemographic characteristics. Int J Cardiol. 1 March 2018; 254: 333337. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.12.037.
  15. Ghimire U, Shrestha N, Gyawali B, Pradhan PMS, Mishra SR. Prevalence of American Heart Association defined ideal cardiovascular health metrics in Nepal: Findings from a nationally representative cross-sectional study. Int Health. 1 July 2020; 12(4): 325331. DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihz088.
  16. Zhao Y, Yan H, Yang R, et al. Status of cardiovascular health among adults in a rural area of Northwest China: Results from a cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore). July 2016; 95(28): e4245. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000004245.
  17. McKenzie JA, Younger NO, Tulloch-Reid MK, et al. Ideal cardiovascular health in urban Jamaica: Prevalence estimates and relationship to community property value, household assets and educational attainment: A cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 15 December 2020; 10(12): e040664. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040664.
  18. Ren J, Guo XL, Lu ZL, et al. Ideal cardiovascular health status and its association with socioeconomic factors in Chinese adults in Shandong, China. BMC Public Health. 7 September 2016; 16(1): 942. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3632-6.
  19. Benziger CP, Zavala-Loayza JA, Bernabe-Ortiz A, et al. Low prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health in Peru. Heart. August 2018; 104(15): 12511256. DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312255.
  20. Velasquez-Melendez G, Felisbino-Mendes MS, Matozinhos FP, et al. Ideal cardiovascular health prevalence in the Brazilian population – National Health Survey (2013). Rev Bras Epidemiol. December 2015; 18 Suppl 2: 97108. English, Portuguese. DOI: 10.1590/1980-5497201500060009.
  21. Ministry of Health. Malawi National STEPwise Survey for Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors 2017 Report. file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/2017%20STEPS%20Survey%20Report%20Malawi.pdf (accessed 10 January 2021).
  22. Armstrong T, Bull F. Development of the World Health Organization Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). J. Public Health. 2006; 14: 6670. DOI: 10.1007/s10389-006-0024-x
  23. Folsom AR, Yatsuya H, Nettleton JA, et al. Community prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health, by the American Heart Association definition, and relationship with cardiovascular disease incidence. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011; 57(16): 16906. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.11.041
  24. Msyamboza KP, Kathyola D, Dzowela T. Anthropometric measurements and prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in adult Malawians: Nationwide population based NCD STEPS survey. Pan Afr Med J. 24 July 2013; 15: 108. DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2013.15.108.2622.
  25. Msyamboza KP, Ngwira B, Dzowela T, et al. The burden of selected chronic non-communicable diseases and their risk factors in Malawi: Nationwide STEPS survey. PLoS One. 2011; 6(5): e20316. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020316.
  26. World Health Organization (WHO). Malawi STEPS Survey 2009 Fact Sheet. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2009_Malawi_FactSheet_EN.pdf?ua=1 (accessed 11 November 2020).
  27. Msyamboza KP, Kathyola D, Dzowela T, Bowie C. The burden of hypertension and its risk factors in Malawi: Nationwide population-based STEPS survey. Int Health. December 2012; 4(4): 24652. DOI: 10.1016/j.inhe.2012.09.005.
  28. Msyamboza KP, Mvula CJ, Kathyola D. Prevalence and correlates of diabetes mellitus in Malawi: Population-based national NCD STEPS survey. BMC Endocr Disord. 12 May 2014; 14: 41. DOI: 10.1186/1472-6823-14-41
  29. Seron P, Irazola V, Rubinstein A, et al. Ideal Cardiovascular Health in the southern cone of Latin America. Public Health. March 2018; 156: 132139. DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.12.017.
  30. Moghaddam MM, Mohebi R, Hosseini F, et al. Distribution of ideal cardiovascular health in a community-based cohort of Middle East population. Ann Saudi Med. March-April 2014; 34(2): 13442. DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2014.134.
  31. Gyawali B, Mishra SR, Virani SS, Kallestrup P. Low levels of ideal cardiovascular health in a semi-urban population of Western Nepal: A population-based, cross-sectional study. Heart Asia. 10 January 2019; 11(1): e011131. DOI: 10.1136/heartasia-2018-011131.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/gh.986 | Journal eISSN: 2211-8179
Language: English
Submitted on: Jan 4, 2021
Accepted on: Mar 26, 2021
Published on: Apr 20, 2021
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2021 Supa Pengpid, Karl Peltzer, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.