Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Evaluating an Integrated Local System Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Case Study of East Toronto Health Partners Cover

Evaluating an Integrated Local System Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Case Study of East Toronto Health Partners

Open Access
|Jun 2023

References

  1. Hamed SM, Elkhatib, WF, Khairalla, AS, Noreddin AM. Global dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 clades and their relation to COVID-19 epidemiology. Scientific reports. 2021; 11(1): 8435. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87713-x
  2. Haldane V, De Foo C, Abdalla SM, Jung A-S, Tan M, Wu S, et al. Health systems resilience in managing the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons from 28 countries. Nature medicine. 2021; 27(6): 96480. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01381-y
  3. Wojtak A, Altenberg J, Annett C, Babcock A, Chung K, Downey S, et al. Mobilizing a Whole Community: Policy and Strategy Implications of an Integrated Local System Response to a Global Health Crisis. Healthcare quarterly (Toronto, Ont). 2020; 23(3): 1523. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33243361/. DOI: 10.12927/hcq.2020.26338
  4. World Health Organization. WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard [Internet]; 2022 [cited 2022 Jan]. Available from: https://covid19.who.int/.
  5. Public Health Agency of Canada. From risk to resilience: An equity approach to COVID-19; 2020 Oct. [cited 2022 July 4]. Available from: https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/corporate/publications/chief-public-health-officer-reports-state-public-health-canada/from-risk-resilience-equity-approach-covid-19.html.
  6. Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care. Ontario Health Teams: Guidance for Health Care Providers and Organizations; (n.d.) [cited 2022 July 4]. Available from: https://health.gov.on.ca/en/pro/programs/connectedcare/oht/docs/guidance_doc_en.pdf.
  7. Ha NHL, Chan I, Yap P, Nurjono M, Vrijhoef HJM, Nicholas SO, et al. Mixed-method evaluation of CARITAS: a hospital-to-community model of integrated care for dementia. BMJ Open. 2020 Oct 5; 10(10): e039017. Available from. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039017
  8. Baxter S, Johnson M, Chambers D, Sutton A, Goyder E, Booth A. The effects of integrated care: a systematic review of UK and international evidence. BMC Health Services Research. 2018; 18(1): 350. DOI: 10.1186/s12913-018-3161-3
  9. Busetto L, Luijkx K, Vrijhoef HJM. Development of the COMIC Model for the comprehensive evaluation of integrated care interventions. International Journal of Care Coordination. 2016; 19(1–2): 4758. Available from: https://www.ijic.org/articles/abstract/10.5334/ijic.3595/. DOI: 10.1177/2053434516661700
  10. International Foundation for Integrated Care. The Nine Pillars of Integrated Care; (n.d.) [cited 2022 July 4]. Available from: https://integratedcarefoundation.org/nine-pillars-of-integrated-care.
  11. Pham T-N, Powis J, Fam M, Fraser I, Wojtak A. Early Lessons: Tackling a Global Crisis with a Community Response. Insights [Internet]; 2020 Mar [cited 2022 July 4]. Available from: https://www.longwoods.com/product/26167.
  12. Fisher-Bruns D. The Anchor Collaborative Convening. Democracy Collaborative [Internet]; 2018 Aug [cited 2022 July 4]. Available from: https://democracycollaborative.org/learn/blogpost/anchor-collaborative-convening.
  13. Health System Performance Network. OHT cQIP Indicators & Population Segmentation: Ontario Results; 2022 Feb. [cited 2022 July 4]. Available from: https://hspn.ca/evaluation/oht/reports/.
  14. Vilches TN, Nourbakhsh S, Zhang K, Juden-Kelly L, Cipriano LE, Langley JM, et al. Multifaceted strategies for the control of COVID-19 outbreaks in long-term care facilities in Ontario, Canada. Preventive medicine. 2021; 148: 106564–. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33330884/. DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106564
  15. Lim C. Michael Garron Hospital puts out call for residents to help sew fabric masks. Beach Metro Community News [Internet]; 2020 March 28 [cited 2022 July 12]. Available from: https://beachmetro.com/2020/03/28/michael-garron-hospital-puts-out-call-for-residents-to-help-sew-fabric-masks/.
  16. Warren M. Educators have become the first line of COVID-19 defence. So Michael Garron Hospital and other doctors are providing a direct line of support for schools. Toronto Star [Internet]; 2020 Sept 8 [cited 2022 July 12]. Available from: https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2020/09/08/educators-have-become-the-first-line-of-covid-19-defence-so-michael-garron-hospital-and-other-doctors-are-providing-a-direct-line-of-support-for-schools.html.
  17. Basen N. ‘Listen to the front-line people’: An infectious-disease doctor on COVID-19 in schools. TVO Today [Internet]; 2021 Mar 9 [cited 2022 July 12]. Available from: https://www.tvo.org/article/listen-to-the-front-line-people-an-infectious-disease-doctor-on-covid-19-in-schools.
  18. Adhopia V. How one of Toronto’s COVID-19 hot spots is struggling through the pandemic. CBC News [Internet]; 2020 Jun 23 [cited 2022 July 12]. Available from: https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/thorncliffe-park-covid-1.5622560.
  19. Wilson C. Ontario NDP calls for more asymptomatic COVID-19 testing in schools after 19 new cases discovered. CTV News [Internet]; 2020 Nov 30 [cited 2022 July 12]. Available from: https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/ontario-ndp-calls-for-more-asymptomatic-covid-19-testing-in-schools-after-19-new-cases-discovered-1.5210671.
  20. Beattie, S. 31 Toronto neighbourhoods mark zero COVID-19 cases, including hard-hit Thorncliffe Park. CBC News [Internet]; 2021 Jul 21 [cited 2022 July 12]. Available from: https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/toronto-neighbourhoods-zero-covid-cases-1.6109765.
  21. City of Toronto. City of Toronto, hospital and community health partners to begin vaccinating people experiencing homelessness and other priority populations as part of Phase 1 Community Vaccination Plan [press release]; 2021 Feb 28. Available from: https://www.toronto.ca/news/city-of-toronto-hospital-and-community-health-partners-to-begin-vaccinating-people-experiencing-homelessness-and-other-priority-populations-as-part-of-phase-1-community-vaccination-plan/.
  22. City of Toronto. City of Toronto working with healthcare and community partners to launch Phase 2 vaccine rollout in priority neighbourhoods [press release]; 2021 Apr 7. Available from: https://www.toronto.ca/news/city-of-toronto-working-with-healthcare-and-community-partners-to-launch-phase-2-vaccine-rollout-in-priority-neighbourhoods/.
  23. Khan, U. Hundreds expected to receive COVID-19 vaccines at Thorncliffe Park pop-up clinics. Toronto Star [Internet]; 2021 Apr 8 [cited 2021 July 12]. Available from: https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2021/04/08/hundreds-expected-to-receive-covid-19-vaccines-at-thorncliffe-park-pop-up-clinics.html.
  24. McCann M. How local volunteers are helping Toronto’s least vaccinated community get shots in arms. CBC News [Internet]; 2021 Jul 10 [cited 2022 July 12]. Available from: https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/taylor-massey-low-vaccination-rates-1.6096481.
  25. Patton MQ. Qualitative research & evaluation methods: integrating theory and practice. Sage publications; 2014.
  26. Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care. Bundled Care (Integrated Funding Models); 2018 April [cited 2022 July 22]. Available from: https://www.health.gov.on.ca/en/pro/programs/ecfa/funding/ifm/#wave_1.
  27. South J, Stansfield J. Asset-based public health – shifting evidence and practice; 2023 [cited 2023 Mar 21]. Available from: https://www.local.gov.uk/asset-based-public-health-shifting-evidence-and-practice.
  28. Abrams EM, Szefler SJ. COVID-19 and the impact of social determinants of health. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. 2020; 8(7): 65961. Available from: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-2600(20)30234-4/fulltext. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30234-4
  29. Glasby J. The holy grail of health and social care integration. British Medical Journal Publishing Group; 2017. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.j801
  30. National Audit Office. Health and social care integration: Report by the Comptroller and Auditor General. In: Department of Health & Department for Communities and Local Government and NHS England, editor. London: National Audit Office; 2017. https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Health-and-social-care-integration.pdf.
  31. Kuluski K, Ho J, Hans P, Nelson M. What are the facilitators and barriers to integrated health and social care in the community? Insights from care providers. International Journal of Integrated Care. 2017; 17(5). DOI: 10.5334/ijic.3337
  32. Kuluski K, Ho JW, Hans PK, Nelson ML. Community care for people with complex care needs: bridging the gap between health and social care. International journal of integrated care. 2017; 17(4). DOI: 10.5334/ijic.2944
  33. Kuluski K, Peckham A, Gill A, Gagnon D, Wong-Cornall C, McKillop A, et al. What is important to older people with multimorbidity and their caregivers? Identifying attributes of person centered care from the user perspective. International journal of integrated care. 2019; 19(3). Available from: https://www.ijic.org/articles/abstract/10.5334/ijic.s3271/. DOI: 10.5334/ijic.4655
  34. Allana A, Tavares W, Pinto AD, Kuluski K. Designing and Governing Responsive Local Care Systems–Insights from a Scoping Review of Paramedics in Integrated Models of Care. International journal of integrated care. 2022; 22(2). Available from: https://www.ijic.org/article/10.5334/ijic.6418/. DOI: 10.5334/ijic.6418
  35. Beck AF, Hartley DM, Kahn RS, Taylor SC, Bishop E, Rich K, et al. Rapid, Bottom-Up Design of a Regional Learning Health System in Response to COVID-19. Mayo Clinic proceedings. 2021; 96(4): 84955. Available from: https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-6196(21)00134-8/fulltext. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.02.006
  36. Smith JA, Wells, L, Gelbart L, Lawson T, Smith JA. Beyond COVID-19: Consumers call for greater focus on health equity. Health promotion journal of Australia. 2021; 32(1): 35. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33448086/. DOI: 10.1002/hpja.450
  37. Bångsbo, A, Dunér A, Dahlin-Ivanoff S, Lidén E. Barriers for Inter-Organisational Collaboration: What Matters for an Integrated Care Programme? International Journal of Integrated Care. 2022; 22(22). DOI: 10.5334/ijic.6005
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/ijic.7014 | Journal eISSN: 1568-4156
Language: English
Submitted on: Aug 27, 2022
Accepted on: Jun 6, 2023
Published on: Jun 22, 2023
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2023 Sara Shearkhani, Donna Plett, Jeff Powis, Catherine Yu, Janine McCready, Lucy Lau, Phillip Anthony, Kate Mason, Kathleen Foley, Denny Petkovski, James Callahan, Laurie Bourne, Wolf Klassen, Anne Wojtak, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.