
Cognitive, Affective, and Feedback-Based Flexibility – Disentangling Shared and Different Aspects of Three Facets of Psychological Flexibility
References
- Armbruster, D. J. N., Ueltzhöffer, K., Basten, U., & Fiebach, C. J. (2012). Prefrontal cortical mechanisms underlying individual differences in cognitive flexibility and stability. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 24(12), 2385–2399. DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_00286
- Armbruster-Genç, D. J. N., Ueltzhöffer, K., & Fiebach, C. J. (2016). Brain Signal Variability Differentially Affects Cognitive Flexibility and Cognitive Stability. The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 36(14), 3978–3987. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2517-14.2016
- Ben-Zion, Z., Fine, N. B., Keynan, N. J., Admon, R., Green, N., Halevi, M., Fonzo, G. A., Achituv, M., Merin, O., Sharon, H., Halpern, P., Liberzon, I., Etkin, A., Hendler, T., & Shalev, A. Y. (2018). Cognitive Flexibility Predicts PTSD Symptoms: Observational and Interventional Studies. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 477. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00477
- Bonferroni, C. (1936). Teoria statistica delle classi e calcolo delle probabilita. Pubblicazioni del R Istituto Superiore di Scienze Economiche e Commericiali di Firenze, 8, 3–62.
- Braem, S., & Egner, T. (2018). Getting a grip on cognitive flexibility. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 27(6), 470–476. DOI: 10.1177/0963721418787475
- Cools, R., Clark, L., Owen, A. M., & Robbins, T. W. (2002). Defining the Neural Mechanisms of Probabilistic Reversal Learning Using Event-Related Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Journal of Neuroscience, 22(11), 4563–4567. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-11-04563.2002
- Costa, V. D., Tran, V. L., Turchi, J., & Averbeck, B. B. (2015). Reversal learning and dopamine: A bayesian perspective. The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 35(6), 2407–2416. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1989-14.2015
- Curran, P. J., West, S. G., & Finch, J. F. (1996). The robustness of test statistics to nonnormality and specification error in confirmatory factor analysis. Psychological Methods, 1(1), 16–29. DOI: 10.1037/1082-989X.1.1.16
- Diedenhofen, B., & Musch, J. (2015). cocor: A Comprehensive Solution for the Statistical Comparison of Correlations. PLOS ONE, 10(4),
e0121945 . DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121945 - Dierolf, A. M., Arlt, L. E., Roelofs, K., Kölsch, M., Hülsemann, M. J., Schächinger, H., & Naumann, E. (2016). Effects of basal and acute cortisol on cognitive flexibility in an emotional task switching paradigm in men. Hormones and Behavior, 81, 12–19. DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2016.02.002
- Doebel, S. (2019). Rethinking executive function development [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/au9rn
- Dolcos, F., & McCarthy, G. (2006). Brain systems mediating cognitive interference by emotional distraction. The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 26(7), 2072–2079. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5042-05.2006
- Draheim, C., Hicks, K. L., & Engle, R. W. (2016). Combining Reaction Time and Accuracy: The Relationship Between Working Memory Capacity and Task Switching as a Case Example. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 11(1), 133–155. DOI: 10.1177/1745691615596990
- Ebner, N. C., Riediger, M., & Lindenberger, U. (2010). FACES—a database of facial expressions in young, middle-aged, and older women and men: Development and validation. Behavior Research Methods, 42(1), 351–362. DOI: 10.3758/BRM.42.1.351
- Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A.-G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41(4), 1149–1160. DOI: 10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149
- Gärtner, A., & Strobel, A. (2019). Individual differences in inhibitory control: A latent variable analysis [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/gnhmt
- Genet, J. J., Malooly, A. M., & Siemer, M. (2013). Flexibility is not always adaptive: Affective flexibility and inflexibility predict rumination use in everyday life. Cognition & Emotion, 27(4), 685–695. DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2012.733351
- Genet, J. J., & Siemer, M. (2011). Flexible control in processing affective and non-affective material predicts individual differences in trait resilience. Cognition & Emotion, 25(2), 380–388. DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2010.491647
- Geurts, H. M., Corbett, B., & Solomon, M. (2009). The paradox of cognitive flexibility in autism. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 13(2), 74–82. DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2008.11.006
- Goodhew, S. C., & Edwards, M. (2019). Translating experimental paradigms into individual-differences research: Contributions, challenges, and practical recommendations. Consciousness and Cognition, 69, 14–25. DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2019.01.008
- Haglund, M. E. M., Nestadt, P. S., Cooper, N. S., Southwick, S. M., & Charney, D. S. (2007). Psychobiological mechanisms of resilience: Relevance to prevention and treatment of stress-related psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 19(3), 889–920. DOI: 10.1017/S0954579407000430
- Heaton, R. K. (1981). Wisconsin card sorting test manual; revised and expanded. Psychological Assessment Resources, 5–57.
- Hedge, C., Powell, G., & Sumner, P. (2018). The reliability paradox: Why robust cognitive tasks do not produce reliable individual differences. Behavior Research Methods, 50(3), 1166–1186. DOI: 10.3758/s13428-017-0935-1
- Hughes, M. M., Linck, J. A., Bowles, A. R., Koeth, J. T., & Bunting, M. F. (2014). Alternatives to switch-cost scoring in the task-switching paradigm: Their reliability and increased validity. Behavior Research Methods, 46(3), 702–721. DOI: 10.3758/s13428-013-0411-5
- Ionescu, T. (2012). Exploring the nature of cognitive flexibility. New Ideas in Psychology, 30(2), 190–200. DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2011.11.001
- Izquierdo, A., Brigman, J. L., Radke, A. K., Rudebeck, P. H., & Holmes, A. (2017). The neural basis of reversal learning: An updated perspective. Neuroscience, 345(Supplement C), 12–26. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.03.021
- Jersild, A. T. (1927). Mental set and shift. Archives of Psychology, 14, 89, 81–81.
- Jocham, G., Neumann, J., Klein, T. A., Danielmeier, C., & Ullsperger, M. (2009). Adaptive Coding of Action Values in the Human Rostral Cingulate Zone. Journal of Neuroscience, 29(23), 7489–7496. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0349-09.2009
- Jones, E., Oliphant, T., & Peterson, P. (2014). {SciPy}: Open source scientific tools for {Python}.
- Kaiser, H. F., & Rice, J. (1974). Little Jiffy, Mark IV. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 34(1), 111–117. DOI: 10.1177/001316447403400115
- Kalia, V., Vishwanath, K., Knauft, K., Vellen, B. V. D., Luebbe, A., & Williams, A. (2018). Acute Stress Attenuates Cognitive Flexibility in Males Only: An fNIRS Examination. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02084
- Karr, J. E., Areshenkoff, C. N., Rast, P., Hofer, S. M., Iverson, G. L., & Garcia-Barrera, M. A. (2018). The unity and diversity of executive functions: A systematic review and re-analysis of latent variable studies. Psychological Bulletin, 144(11), 1147–1185. DOI: 10.1037/bul0000160
- Kim, C., Cilles, S. E., Johnson, N. F., & Gold, B. T. (2012). Domain general and domain preferential brain regions associated with different types of task switching: A meta-analysis. Human Brain Mapping, 33(1), 130–142. DOI: 10.1002/hbm.21199
- Koo, T. K., & Li, M. Y. (2016). A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, 15(2), 155–163. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012
- Lange, F., Seer, C., Loens, S., Wegner, F., Schrader, C., Dressler, D., Dengler, R., & Kopp, B. (2016). Neural mechanisms underlying cognitive inflexibility in Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychologia, 93, 142–150. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.09.021
- Lee, R. S. C., Hermens, D. F., Porter, M. A., & Redoblado-Hodge, M. A. (2012). A meta-analysis of cognitive deficits in first-episode Major Depressive Disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 140(2), 113–124. DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.10.023
- Logan, G. D. (2003). Executive Control of Thought and Action: In Search of the Wild Homunculus. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 12(2), 45–48. DOI: 10.1111/1467-8721.01223
- MacDonald, J. A., & Trafimow, D. (2013). A measure of within-participant response consistency. Behavior Research Methods, 45(4), 950–954. DOI: 10.3758/s13428-013-0318-1
- Malooly, A. M., Genet, J. J., & Siemer, M. (2013). Individual differences in reappraisal effectiveness: The role of affective flexibility. Emotion, 13(2), 302–313. DOI: 10.1037/a0029980
- Mardia, K. V. (1980).
9 Tests of unvariate and multivariate normality . In Handbook of Statistics (Bd. 1, S. 279–320). Elsevier. DOI: 10.1016/S0169-7161(80)01011-5 - Miller, J., & Ulrich, R. (2013). Mental chronometry and individual differences: Modeling reliabilities and correlations of reaction time means and effect sizes. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 20(5), 819–858. DOI: 10.3758/s13423-013-0404-5
- Miyake, A., Friedman, N. P., Emerson, M. J., Witzki, A. H., Howerter, A., & Wager, T. D. (2000). The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex “Frontal Lobe” tasks: A latent variable analysis. Cognitive Psychology, 41(1), 49–100. DOI: 10.1006/cogp.1999.0734
- Monsell, S., Yeung, N., & Azuma, R. (2000). Reconfiguration of task-set: Is it easier to switch to the weaker task? Psychological Research, 63(3–4), 250–264. DOI: 10.1007/s004269900005
- Parsons, S. (2020). Splithalf: Robust Estimates of Split Half Reliability. DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11956746.v4
- Pessoa, L. (2008). On the relationship between emotion and cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9(2), 148–158. DOI: 10.1038/nrn2317
- Piguet, C., Sterpenich, V., Desseilles, M., Cojan, Y., Bertschy, G., & Vuilleumier, P. (2013). Neural substrates of cognitive switching and inhibition in a face processing task. NeuroImage, 82, 489–499. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.06.015
- R Core Team. (2018). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing.
http://www.R-project.org - Reeck, C., & Egner, T. (2015). Emotional task management: Neural correlates of switching between affective and non-affective task-sets. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 10(8), 1045–1053. DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsu153
- Rogers, R. D., & Monsell, S. (1995). Costs of a predictible switch between simple cognitive tasks. Journal of experimental psychology: General, 124(2), 207. DOI: 10.1037/0096-3445.124.2.207
- Rosseel, Y. (2012). lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling. Journal of Statistical Software, 48(2). DOI: 10.18637/jss.v048.i02
- Scott, W. A. (1962). Cognitive Complexity and Cognitive Flexibility. Sociometry, 25(4), 405–414. JSTOR. DOI: 10.2307/2785779
- Shapiro, S. S., & Wilk, M. B. (1965). An analysis of variance test for normality (complete samples). Biometrika, 52(3–4), 591–611. DOI: 10.1093/biomet/52.3-4.591
- Snyder, H. R., Miyake, A., & Hankin, B. L. (2015). Advancing understanding of executive function impairments and psychopathology: Bridging the gap between clinical and cognitive approaches. Frontiers in Psychology, 6. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00328
- Stalnaker, T. A., Cooch, N. K., & Schoenbaum, G. (2015). What the orbitofrontal cortex does not do. Nature neuroscience, 18(5), 620–627. DOI: 10.1038/nn.3982
- Stange, J. P., Alloy, L. B., & Fresco, D. M. (2017). Inflexibility as a Vulnerability to Depression: A Systematic Qualitative Review. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 24(3), 245–276. DOI: 10.1111/cpsp.12201
- Tchanturia, K., Davies, H., Roberts, M., Harrison, A., Nakazato, M., Schmidt, U., Treasure, J., & Morris, R. (2012). Poor Cognitive Flexibility in Eating Disorders: Examining the Evidence using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task. PLoS ONE, 7(1). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028331
- Tisser, L., Palmini, A., Paglioli, E., Portuguez, M., Azambuja, N., da Costa, J. C., Paglioli, E., Torres, C., & Martinez, J. V. (2007). Pre- and post-operative Wisconsin card sorting test performance in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy due to hippocampal sclerosis. Dementia & Neuropsychologia, 1(2), 173–180. DOI: 10.1590/s1980-57642008dn10200010
- Ueltzhöffer, K., Armbruster-Genç, D. J. N., & Fiebach, C. J. (2015). Stochastic Dynamics Underlying Cognitive Stability and Flexibility. PLOS Computational Biology, 11(6),
e1004331 . DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004331 - Vallat, R. (2018). Pingouin: Statistics in Python. Journal of Open Source Software, 3(31), 1026. DOI: 10.21105/joss.01026
- Vandierendonck, A., Liefooghe, B., & Verbruggen, F. (2010). Task switching: Interplay of reconfiguration and interference control. Psychological Bulletin, 136(4), 601–626. DOI: 10.1037/a0019791
- Waegeman, A., Declerck, C. H., Boone, C., Seurinck, R., & Parizel, P. M. (2014). Individual differences in behavioral flexibility in a probabilistic reversal learning task: An fMRI study. Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics, 7(4), 203–218. DOI: 10.1037/npe0000026
- Waltz, J. A. (2017). The neural underpinnings of cognitive flexibility and their disruption in psychotic illness. Neuroscience, 345, 203–217. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.06.005
- Yaple, Z. A., & Yu, R. (2019). Fractionating adaptive learning: A meta-analysis of the reversal learning paradigm. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 102, 85–94. DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.04.006
- Zelazo, P. D., & Carlson, S. M. (2012). Hot and Cool Executive Function in Childhood and Adolescence: Development and Plasticity. Child Development Perspectives, n/a–n/a. DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-8606.2012.00246.x
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/joc.120 | Journal eISSN: 2514-4820
Language: English
Submitted on: Feb 1, 2020
Accepted on: Aug 3, 2020
Published on: Sep 9, 2020
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
© 2020 Dominik Kraft, Lena Rademacher, Cindy Eckart, Christian J. Fiebach, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.