Figure 1
A. Elements types for Experiment 1 at each level of rotation. For rotated conditions, one of the two possible orientations (clockwise or counterclockwise, relative to base orientation) was pseudo-randomly selected. B. Examples of stimuli at each level of rotation.
Figure 2
Mean selection of base orientation as a function of element rotation; error bars represent SEM.
Figure 3
A. Element types for Experiment 2 at each level of Set 2 rotation. B. Examples of stimuli at each proportion of Set 1. In each case shown here, Set 1 elements are aligned to base orientation, and Set 2 element are rotated 45º.
Figure 4
Effects of introducing aligned element among the field of rotated elements. Each Set 1 proportion is indicated with color and shape. A. Selection of base orientation as a function of Set 2 rotation. Black circles depict results for single-element condition. B. Relative effect of two-element set (two-element set minus one-element set).
Figure 5
Shown here is an example where Set 2 rotation is 67º, whereas measurements were made with Set 2 rotation set to 0º, 23º, 34º, 45º, 56º, and 67º. A. Element types for Experiment 3 at each level of Set 1 rotation. B. Examples of stimuli. In each case, Set 1 proportion is 60%.
Figure 6
Performance for each level of Set 1 rotation. Each Set 2 rotation is indicated with color and shape. A and C: Selection of base orientation as a function of Set 2 rotation. Black circles depict results for the single-element condition. B and D: Relative effect of two-element set (two-element set minus one-element set). Top graphs depict results with 60% Set 1 proportion; bottom row with 80% Set 1 proportion.
Table 1
Summary of stimulus parameters for each experiment.
| Set 1 Proportion (%) | Set 1 Rotation (°) | Set 2 Proportion (%) | Set 2 Rotation (°) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Experiment 1 | 100 | 0 | – | – |
| 100 | 12 | – | – | |
| 100 | 23 | – | – | |
| 100 | 34 | – | – | |
| 100 | 45 | – | – | |
| Experiment 2 | 100 | 0 | – | – |
| 80 | 0 | 20 | 23, 45, 56, 67, 78, 90 | |
| 60 | 0 | 40 | 23, 45, 56, 67, 78, 90 | |
| 40 | 0 | 60 | 23, 45, 56, 67, 78, 90 | |
| 20 | 0 | 80 | 23, 45, 56, 67, 78, 90 | |
| Experiment 3 | 80 | 0 | 20 | 0, 23, 34, 45, 56, 67 |
| 80 | 23 | 20 | 0, 23, 34, 45, 56, 67 | |
| 80 | 34 | 20 | 0, 23, 34, 45, 56, 67 | |
| 80 | 45 | 20 | 0, 23, 34, 45, 56, 67 | |
| 60 | 0 | 40 | 0, 23, 34, 45, 56, 67 | |
| 60 | 23 | 40 | 0, 23, 34, 45, 56, 67 | |
| 60 | 34 | 40 | 0, 23, 34, 45, 56, 67 | |
| 60 | 45 | 40 | 0, 23, 34, 45, 56, 67 |