Figure 1
Online task design, accuracy, and RT results. a) Design of the online experiment. At the beginning of each trial, participants saw a cue (change in the colour of the fixation cross) indicating which of three coloured targets to detect. Participants had to search for a circle with this colour within two streams of successively appearing circles and masks. Unknown to the participants, one of these targets appeared at 750 ms from stream onset (early target), another appeared at 1500 ms from stream onset (late target), and the other could happen at any time (random target). Participants had to respond with the hand corresponding to the side of the trial-designated target. b) Mean RT to random targets as a function of target onset as estimated by participant-specific GLMs (thin grey lines) and actual RT to early (pink) and late (yellow) targets across participants (error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM) and points represent individual participants). c) Left: average RT to expected targets (actual) and average RT to random targets (as estimated by participant-specific GLMs). Error bars represent SEM, pink represents early time, yellow represents late time, lighter colours represent estimated (random) RTs and darker colours represent actual (expected) RTs. Statistical significance is indicated with asterisks. Right: difference between RT at the time of early/late target as estimated from participant-specific GLMs and actual RT to early/late targets. Individual participants’ differences are depicted by dots, error bars represent the SEM and dashed lines represent 0 (no difference). d) Mean accuracy to random targets as a function of target onset as estimated by participant-specific GLMs (thin grey lines) and actual accuracy to early (pink) and late (yellow) targets across participants (error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM) and points represent individual participants). e) Left: average accuracy to expected targets (actual) and average accuracy to random targets (as estimated by participant-specific GLMs). Error bars represent SEM, pink represents early time, yellow represents late time, lighter colours represent estimated (random) accuracies and darker colours represent actual (expected) accuracies. Statistical significance is indicated with asterisks. Right: difference between accuracy at the time of early/late target as estimated from participant-specific GLMs and actual accuracy to early/late targets. Individual participants’ differences are depicted by dots, error bars represent the SEM and dashed lines represent 0 (no difference).
Figure 2
In-person task design, accuracy, and RT results. a) Design of the in-person experiment. At the beginning of each trial, participants saw a cue (change in the colour of the fixation cross) indicating which of three coloured targets to detect. Participants had to search for a circle with this colour within two streams of successively appearing circles and masks. Unknown to the participants, one of the coloured targets appeared at 500 ms from stream onset (early target), another appeared at 1000 ms from stream onset (late target), and the other could happen at any time (random target). Participants had to respond with the hand corresponding to the side of the trial-designated target. b) Mean RT to random targets as a function of target onset as estimated by participant-specific GLMs (thin grey lines) and actual RT to early (pink) and late (yellow) targets across participants (error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM) and points represent individual participants). c) Left: average RT to expected targets (actual) and average RT to random targets (as estimated by participant-specific GLMs). Error bars represent SEM, pink represents early time, yellow represents late time, lighter colours represent estimated (random) RTs and darker colours represent actual (expected) RTs. Statistical significance is indicated with asterisks. Right: difference between RT at the time of early/late target as estimated from participant-specific GLMs and actual RT to early/late targets. Individual participants’ differences are depicted by dots, error bars represent the SEM and dashed lines represent 0 (no difference). d) Mean accuracy to random targets as a function of target onset as estimated by participant-specific GLMs (thin grey lines) and actual accuracy to early (pink) and late (yellow) targets across participants (error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM) and points represent individual participants). e) Left: average accuracy to expected targets (actual) and average accuracy to random targets (as estimated by participant-specific GLMs). Error bars represent SEM, pink represents early time, yellow represents late time, lighter colours represent estimated (random) accuracies and darker colours represent actual (expected) accuracies. Statistical significance is indicated with asterisks. Right: difference between accuracy at the time of early/late target as estimated from participant-specific GLMs and actual accuracy to early/late targets. Individual participants’ differences are depicted by dots, error bars represent the SEM and dashed lines represent 0 (no difference).