Figure 1
Overview of DSDApp.
Figure 2
Planning of DSD. By clicking “Download” in the left bottom corner, users can download the table shown in the right.
Figure 3
Uploading of DSD and experiment result.
Figure 4
Step 1: Detecting main factors and second-order terms.
Figure 5
Step 2: Model making based on terms X1 and X2. The model information and the bar graph represent the coefficients of the terms. The red scatter plot displays how well the model can explain the obtained values.
Figure 6
Prediction of output variable at specified input variables.
Figure 7
Desirability functions; (a) minimization, (b) maximization, and (c) tuning (at ytarget = 2) with ylower = 1 and yupper = 3.
Figure 8
Optimization.
Table 1
Data and simulated result.
| NO. | A | B | C | D | E | F | Y |
| 1 | 0 | 1 | –1 | –1 | –1 | –1 | 5.812 |
| 2 | 0 | –1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2.055 |
| 3 | 1 | 0 | –1 | 1 | 1 | –1 | 7.749 |
| 4 | –1 | 0 | 1 | –1 | –1 | 1 | –3.521 |
| 5 | –1 | –1 | 0 | 1 | –1 | –1 | –3.901 |
| 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | –1 | 1 | 1 | 1.754 |
| 7 | –1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | –1 | 5.146 |
| 8 | 1 | –1 | –1 | 0 | –1 | 1 | 3.221 |
| 9 | 1 | –1 | 1 | –1 | 0 | –1 | –1.827 |
| 10 | –1 | 1 | –1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9.908 |
| 11 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | –1 | 0 | 8.454 |
| 12 | –1 | –1 | –1 | –1 | 1 | 0 | –7.883 |
| 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.814 |
Figure 9
Comparison between the true model (1) in Table 2 and the built model.
Table 2
Confirmation points (A, B, C, D). y is generated by the original function (see Test 1 in Table 3), and ŷ is generated by the model (9).
| A | B | C | D | Y | Ŷ |
| 1 | –1 | –1 | –1 | 0 | –0.02245 |
| –1 | 1 | –1 | –1 | 4 | 3.938109 |
| 1 | 1 | –1 | –1 | 4 | 3.977689 |
| –1 | –1 | 1 | –1 | –10 | –9.52573 |
| –1 | 1 | 1 | –1 | 2 | 2.237702 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | –1 | 2 | 2.277282 |
| –1 | –1 | –1 | 1 | –2 | –1.83913 |
| 1 | –1 | –1 | 1 | 6 | 5.963744 |
| 1 | 1 | –1 | 1 | 10 | 9.963885 |
Table 3
The validation of DSDApp based on literature data.
| LITERATURE | MODELS OR ACTIVE TERMS IN LITERATURE | MODELS OR ACTIVE TERM IN DSDAPP | REMARKS |
|---|---|---|---|
| [5] | y = 56.1 + 8.9B–9.3C + 21.0G +1 6.8H–9.0 | y = 56.1 + 8.9B–9.3C + 21.0G + 16.8H–9.1 | F and I were set as fake factors in DSDApp. |
| [7] | y = 1170 + 10A + 216E*–316G*–181H*–83I–169AE*–313HH* + 81AH + 17D + 85DD | y = 1000 + 10.2A + 216E*–316G*–180H*–83I–153AxE*–214HH* + 97AH–98EG | B and C were set as fake factors, and A was manually included as a main factor in DSDApp. “*” was marked as significant in the literature. |
| [1] | A, B, C, AB, AA | A, B, C, AB, AA | No fake factors |
Figure 10
Predicted and true values for DSD points (blue) and confirmation points (red) in Table 5. The fact that all the points align on the black line shows that the prediction agrees well with the original values.