
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Stature Growth Complications in β-thalassemia Major Patients
References
- Badfar G, Parizad Nasirkandy M, Shohani M, et al. Prevalence of short stature, underweight and delayed puberty in Iranian patients with thalassemia major: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Iranian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology. 2017; 7(4): 245–259.
- Bajwa H, Basit H. Thalassemia. 2019.
- De Sanctis V, Soliman AT, Canatan D, et al. An ICET-A survey on Hypoparathyroidism in Patients with Thalassaemia Major and Intermedia: A preliminary report. Acta Bio Medica: Atenei Parmensis. 2017; 88(4): 435.
- Shah S, Farooq N, Basharat A, Shah M, Mukhtiar S, Farhad S. FREQUENCY OF IRON OVERLOAD COMPLICATIONS IN BETA THALASSEMIA MAJOR PATIENTS. Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute (Peshawar-Pakistan). 2019; 33(1).
- Esmaeilzadeh F, Azarkeivan A, Emamgholipour S, et al. Economic burden of thalassemia major in Iran, 2015. Journal of research in health sciences. 2016; 16(3): 111.
- Safarinejad MR. Evaluation of semen quality, endocrine profile and hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis in male patients with homozygousβ-thalassemia major. The Journal of urology. 2008; 179(6): 2327–2332. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.01.103
- GS C, MK S. Pattern of Growth Retardation and Sexual Maturation in Children having Beta Thalassaemia. Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society. 2016; 36(1). DOI: 10.3126/jnps.v36i1.14479
- Yassin MA, Soliman AT, De Sanctis V, et al. Statural growth and prevalence of endocrinopathies in relation to liver iron content (LIC) in adult patients with beta thalassemia major (BTM) and sickle cell disease (SCD). Acta Bio Medica: Atenei Parmensis. 2018; 89(Suppl 2): 33.
- Low LC. Growth of children with β-thalassemia major. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 2005; 72(2): 159–164. DOI: 10.1007/BF02760702
- Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, Group P. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS medicine. 2009; 6(7):
e1000097 . DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097 - Al Akhras A, Badr M, El Safy U, et al. Impact of genotype on endocrinal complications in β thalassemia patients. Biomedical reports. 2016; 4(6): 728–736. DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.646
- Hoffman DM, O’Sullivan AJ, Ho K, Baxter R. Diagnosis of growth-hormone deficiency in adults. The Lancet. 1994; 343(8905): 1064–1068. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)90181-3
- Hasibuan FD, Atmakusuma TD. Correlation between Pancreatic MRI T2* and Iron Overload in Adult Transfusion Dependent Beta Thalassemia Patients with Growth Retardation: A Single Centre Study in Indonesia. Blood. 2018; 132(Supplement 1): 4907–4907. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-99-117794
- Institute JB. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools for use in JBI systematic reviews: checklist for prevalence studies. Crit Apprais Checkl Preval Stud. 2017; 7.
- Afshari S, Ameri H, Daroudi R, Shiravani M, Karami H, Akbari Sari A. A Systematic Review to Identify the Scores and Psychometric Properties of the EQ-5D-5L in Asthma. Journal of Asthma. 2021(just-accepted): 1–13. DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2021.1917607
- Vaziri S, Fakouri F, Mirzaei M, Afsharian M, Azizi M, Arab-Zozani M. Prevalence of medical errors in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC health services research. 2019; 19(1): 1–11. DOI: 10.1186/s12913-019-4464-8
- Rezapour A, Faradonbeh SB, Alipour V, Yusefvand M. Effectiveness of revascularization interventions compared with medical therapy in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy: A systematic review protocol. Medicine. 2018; 97(10). DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000009958
- Aldemir-Kocabaş B, Tezcan-Karasu G, Bircan İ, Bircan O, Aktaş-Samur A, Yeşilipek MA. Evaluating the patients with thalassemia major for long-term endocrinological complications after bone marrow transplantation. Pediatric hematology and oncology. 2014; 31(7): 616–623. DOI: 10.3109/08880018.2014.906005
- Aleem A, Al-Momen A-K, Al-Harakati MS, Hassan A, Al-Fawaz I. Hypocalcemia due to hypoparathyroidism in β-thalassemia major patients. Annals of Saudi medicine. 2000; 20(5–6): 364–366. DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2000.364
- Altincik A, Akin M. Prevalence of endocrinopathies in Turkish children with β-thalassemia major: a single-center study. Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology. 2016; 38(5): 389–393. DOI: 10.1097/MPH.0000000000000573
- Aydinok Y, Darcan S, Polat A, et al. Endocrine Complications in Patients with β-thalassemia Major. Journal of tropical pediatrics. 2002; 48(1): 50–54. DOI: 10.1093/tropej/48.1.50
- Canatan D. The Thalassemia center of Antalya State Hospital: 15 years of experience (1994 to 2008). Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology. 2013; 35(1): 24–27. DOI: 10.1097/MPH.0b013e3182755f1e
- Dama LB, Dama SB. Growth of children with thalassemia. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science. 2015; 14(1): 22–25. DOI: 10.3329/bjms.v14i1.16149
- El Beshlawy A, Abd El Dayem SM, El Mougy F, Abd El Gafar E, Samir H. Screening of growth hormone deficiency in short thalassaemic patients and effect of L-carnitine treatment. Archives of medical science: AMS. 2010; 6(1): 90. DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2010.13513
- Dayasiri KC, Kulathilake A, Mudiyanse RM. Clinical profiles, medical complications and quality of life of children diagnosed with thalassaemia major in Peradeniya Teaching Hospital. Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health. 2018; 47(2): 112–117. DOI: 10.4038/sljch.v47i2.8475
- Dayer D, Salahcheh M, Mousavi Jazayeri SMH, Kaydani GA, Kadkhodaei Elyaderani M, Shaneh S. Thyroid stimulating hormone and leptin levels and severe growth retardation among β – thalassemic patients. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 2012; 28(3): 421–423.
- De Sanctis V, Soliman AT, Canatan D, et al. An ICET-A survey on occult and emerging endocrine complications in patients with β-thalassemia major: Conclusions and recommendations. Acta Biomedica. 2018; 89(4): 481–489.
- De Sanctis V, Soliman AT, Elsedfy H, et al. Gonadal dysfunction in adult male patients with thalassemia major: an update for clinicians caring for thalassemia. Hematology (Amsterdam, Netherlands). 2017; 10(12): 1095–1106. DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2017.1398080
- Dhouib NG, Ben Khaled M, Ouederni M, et al. Growth and Endocrine Function in Tunisian Thalassemia Major Patients. Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases. 2018; 10(1):
e2018031 . DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2018.031 - Domrongkitchaiporn S, Sirikulchayanonta V, Angchaisuksiri P, Stitchantrakul W, Kanokkantapong C, Rajatanavin R. Abnormalities in bone mineral density and bone histology in thalassemia. Journal of bone and mineral research: the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. 2003; 18(9): 1682–1688. DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.2003.18.9.1682
- Doulgeraki A, Athanasopoulou H, Voskaki I, et al. Bone health evaluation of children and adolescents with homozygous beta-thalassemia: implications for practice. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2012; 34(5): 344–348. DOI: 10.1097/MPH.0b013e3182431ddb
- Eshragi P, Tamaddoni A, Zarifi K, Mohammadhasani A, Aminzadeh M. Thyroid function in major thalassemia patients: Is it related to height and chelation therapy? Caspian journal of internal medicine. 2011; 2(1): 189–193.
- Fahim FM, Saad K, Askar EA, Eldin EN, Thabet AF. Growth Parameters and Vitamin D status in Children with Thalassemia Major in Upper Egypt. International journal of hematology-oncology and stem cell research. 2013; 7(4): 10–14.
- Fica S, Albu A, Vladareanu F, et al. Endocrine disorders in β-thalassemia major: Cross-sectional data. Acta Endocrinology. 2005; 1(2): 201–212.
- Garcia-Mayor RV, Andrade Olivie A, Fernandez Catalina P, Castro M, Rego Iraeta A, Reparaz A. Linear growth in thalassemic children treated with intensive chelation therapy. A longitudinal study. Hormone research. 1993; 40(5–6): 189–193. DOI: 10.1159/000183793
- Grundy RG, Woods KA, Savage MO, Evans JP. Relationship of endocrinopathy to iron chelation status in young patients with thalassaemia major. Archives of disease in childhood. 1994; 71(2): 128–132. DOI: 10.1136/adc.71.2.128
- Gulati R, Bhatia V, Agarwal SS. Early onset of endocrine abnormalities in beta-thalassemia major in a developing country. Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism: JPEM. 2000; 13(6): 651–656. DOI: 10.1515/JPEM.2000.13.6.651
- Gurlek Gokcebay D, Ozbek N, Yazal Erdem A, et al. Effects of stem cell transplantation on bone mineral density and vitamin D status in children with thalassemia major. Pediatric transplantation. 2017; 21(3). DOI: 10.1111/petr.12876
- Habeb AM, Al-Hawsawi ZM, Morsy MM, et al. Endocrinopathies in beta-thalassemia major. Prevalence, risk factors, and age at diagnosis in Northwest Saudi Arabia. Saudi medical journal. 2013; 34(1): 67–73.
- Hamidah A, Rahmah R, Azmi T, Aziz J, Jamal R. Short stature and truncal shortening in transfusion dependent thalassemia patients: results from a thalassemia center in Malaysia. The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health. 2001; 32(3): 625–630.
- Hamidieh AA, Mohseni F, Behfar M, et al. Short-term Assessment of HSCT Effects on the Hypothalamus-Pituitary Axis in Pediatric Thalassemic Patients. Archives of Iranian medicine. 2018; 21(2): 56–60.
- Hattab FN. Patterns of physical growth and dental development in Jordanian children and adolescents with thalassemia major. Journal of oral science. 2013; 55(1): 71–77. DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.55.71
- Ibrahim MN, Ansari SH, Shakoor I, et al. Endocrine complications in thalassemic patients and its relation to genotype. Pakistan Paediatric Journal. 2017; 41(3): 125–130.
- Isik P, Yarali N, Tavil B, et al. Endocrinopathies in Turkish children with Beta thalassemia major: results from a single center study. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2014; 31(7): 607–615. DOI: 10.3109/08880018.2014.898724
- Jain M, Sinha RS, Chellani H, Anand NK. Assessment of thyroid functions and its role in body growth in thalassemia major. Indian pediatrics. 1995; 32(2): 213–219.
- Kanbour I, Chandra P, Soliman A, et al. Severe Liver Iron Concentrations (LIC) in 24 Patients with beta-Thalassemia Major: Correlations with Serum Ferritin, Liver Enzymes and Endocrine Complications. Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases. 2018; 10(1):
e2018062 . DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2018.062 - Karamifar H, Bahmanyar M, De Sanctis V, Karimi M. Leptin and ghrelin serum concentrations in thalassemia major and intermedia patients and normal subjects. Rivista Italiana di Medicina dell’Adolescenza. 2010; 8(2): 29–33.
- Karamifar H, Shahriari M, Amirhakimi G. Linear growth deficiency in β-thalassemia patients: Is it growth hormone dependent? Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2002; 27(2): 47–50.
- Karamifar H, Shahriari M, Amirhakimi GH. Failure of puberty and linear growth in beta-thalassemia major. Turkish journal of haematology: official journal of Turkish Society of Haematology. 2005; 22(2): 65–69.
- Karydis I, Karagiorga-Lagana M, Nounopoulos C, Tolis G. Basal and stimulated levels of growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), IGF-I binding and IGF-binding proteins in beta-thalassemia major. Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism: JPEM. 2004; 17(1): 17–25. DOI: 10.1515/JPEM.2004.17.1.17
- Kattamis C, Touliatos N, Haidas S, Matsaniotis N. Growth of children with thalassaemia: effect of different transfusion regimens. Archives of disease in childhood. 1970; 45(242): 502. DOI: 10.1136/adc.45.242.502
- Kwan EY, Lee AC, Li AM, et al. A cross-sectional study of growth, puberty and endocrine function in patients with thalassaemia major in Hong Kong. Journal of paediatrics and child health. 1995; 31(2): 83–87. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.1995.tb00752.x
- Lau KY, Chan YL, Lam WW, Li CK, Metreweli C. Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of the pituitary gland and hypothalamus in thalassaemic children with elevated serum ferritin levels. Journal of paediatrics and child health. 1998; 34(5): 463–466. DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1754.1998.00276.x
- Li CK, Chik KW, Wong GW, Cheng PS, Lee V, Shing MM. Growth and endocrine function following bone marrow transplantation for thalassemia major. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2004; 21(5): 411–419. DOI: 10.1080/08880010490457132
- Low LC. Growth, puberty and endocrine function in beta-thalassaemia major. Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism: JPEM. 1997; 10(2): 175–184. DOI: 10.1515/JPEM.1997.10.2.175
- Low LC, Kwan EY, Lim YJ, Lee AC, Tam CF, Lam KS. Growth hormone treatment of short Chinese children with beta-thalassaemia major without GH deficiency. Clinical endocrinology. 1995; 42(4): 359–363. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.1995.tb02643.x
- Low LCK, Postel-Vinay MC, Kwan EYW, Cheung PT. Serum growth hormone (GH) binding protein, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in patients with β-thalassaemia major and the effect of GH treatment. Clinical Endocrinology. 1998; 48(5): 641–646. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2265.1998.00470.x
- Madeddu G, Dore A, Marongiu A, Langer-Costanzi M. GROWTH RETARDATION, SKELETAL MATURATION AND THYROID FUNCTION IN CHILDREN WITH HOMOZYGOUS THALASSAEMIA. Clinical Endocrinology. 1978; 8(5): 359–365. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb02169.x
- Mahachoklertwattana P, Yimsumruay T, Poomthavorn P, Chuansumrit A, Khlairit P. Acute effects of blood transfusion on growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels in children with thalassemia. Hormone research in paediatrics. 2011; 75(4): 240–245. DOI: 10.1159/000321189
- Masala A, Atzeni MM, Alagna S, et al. Growth hormone secretion in polytransfused prepubertal patients with homozygous beta-thalassemia. Effect of long-term recombinant GH (recGH) therapy. Journal of endocrinological investigation. 2003; 26(7): 623–628. DOI: 10.1007/BF03347019
- Mettananda S, Pathiraja H, Peiris R, et al. Health related quality of life among children with transfusion dependent beta-thalassaemia major and haemoglobin E beta-thalassaemia in Sri Lanka: a case control study. Health and quality of life outcomes. 2019; 17(1): 137. DOI: 10.1186/s12955-019-1207-9
- Mirhosseini NZ, Shahar S, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, et al. Bone-related complications of transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia among children and adolescents. Journal of bone and mineral metabolism. 2013; 31(4): 468–476. DOI: 10.1007/s00774-013-0433-1
- Mirhosseini NZ, Shahar S, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, et al. Factors affecting nutritional status among pediatric patients with transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia. Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism. 2013; 6(1): 45–51. DOI: 10.1007/s12349-012-0112-0
- Moayeri H, Oloomi Z. Prevalence of growth and puberty failure with respect to growth hormone and gonadotropins secretion in beta-thalassemia major. Archives of Iranian medicine. 2006; 9(4): 329–334.
- Mohseni F, Mohajeri-Tehrani MR, Larijani B, Hamidi Z. Relation between BMD and biochemical, transfusion and endocrinological parameters in pediatric thalassemic patients. Archives of osteoporosis. 2014; 9: 174. DOI: 10.1007/s11657-014-0174-3
- Mousa AA, Ghonem M, Elhadidy el HM, et al. Iron overload detection using pituitary and hepatic MRI in thalassemic patients having short stature and hypogonadism. Endocrine research. 2016; 41(2): 81–88. DOI: 10.3109/07435800.2015.1068796
- Nabavizadeh SH, Anushiravani A, Haghbin S. Evaluation of growth parameters in patients with thalassemia major. Hematology (Amsterdam, Netherlands). 2007; 12(5): 445–447. DOI: 10.1080/10245330701384278
- Najafipour F, Aliasgarzadeh A, Aghamohamadzadeh N, et al. A cross-sectional study of metabolic and endocrine complications in beta-thalassemia major. Ann Saudi Med. 2008; 28(5): 361–366. DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2008.361
- Ozkan A, Arslanoglu I, Yoruk A, Timur C. Evaluation of growth hormone secretion and insulin-like growth factor I in children with thalassemia. Indian pediatrics. 2001; 38(5): 534–539.
- Perera NJ, Lau NS, Mathews S, Waite C, Ho PJ, Caterson ID. Overview of endocrinopathies associated with beta-thalassaemia major. Internal medicine journal. 2010; 40(10): 689–696. DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2010.02254.x
- Poggi M, Pascucci C, Monti S, et al. Prevalence of growth hormone deficiency in adult polytransfused beta-thalassemia patients and correlation with transfusional and chelation parameters. Journal of endocrinological investigation. 2010; 33(8): 534–538. DOI: 10.1007/BF03346643
- Roth C, Pekrun A, Bartz M, et al. Short stature and failure of pubertal development in thalassaemia major: evidence for hypothalamic neurosecretory dysfunction of growth hormone secretion and defective pituitary gonadotropin secretion. European journal of pediatrics. 1997; 156(10): 777–783. DOI: 10.1007/s004310050711
- Safarinejad MR. Reproductive hormones and hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis in female patients with homozygous beta-thalassemia major. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2010; 32(4): 259–266. DOI: 10.1097/MPH.0b013e3181cf8156
- Saffari F, Mahyar A, Jalilolgadr S. Endocrine and metabolic disorders in beta-thalassemiamajor patients. Caspian journal of internal medicine. 2012; 3(3): 466–472.
- Saka N, ŞüKür M, Bundak R, Anak S, Neyzi O, Gedikoglu G. Growth and Puberty in Thalassemia Major. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1995; 8(3): 181–186. DOI: 10.1515/JPEM.1995.8.3.181
- Shah S, Farooq N, Basharat A, Shah M, Mukhtiar S. Frequency of iron overload complications in beta thalassemia major patients. Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute. 2019; 33(1): 30–33.
- Shalitin S, Carmi D, Weintrob N, et al. Serum ferritin level as a predictor of impaired growth and puberty in thalassemia major patients. European journal of haematology. 2005; 74(2): 93–100. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2004.00371.x
- Shamshirsaz AA, Bekheirnia MR, Kamgar M, et al. Metabolic and endocrinologic complications in beta-thalassemia major: a multicenter study in Tehran. BMC endocrine disorders. 2003; 3(1): 4. DOI: 10.1186/1472-6823-3-4
- Sharma R, Seth A, Chandra J, et al. Endocrinopathies in adolescents with thalassaemia major receiving oral iron chelation therapy. Paediatrics and international child health. 2016; 36(1): 22–27. DOI: 10.1179/2046905514Y.0000000160
- Soliman AT, Abushahin A, Abohezeima K, et al. Age related IGF-I changes and IGF-I generation in thalassemia major. Pediatric endocrinology reviews: PER. 2011; 8 Suppl 2: 278–283.
- Soliman AT, Khalafallah H, Ashour R. Growth and factors affecting it in thalassemia major. Hemoglobin. 2009; 33 Suppl 1: S116–126. DOI: 10.3109/03630260903347781
- Vichinsky E, Butensky E, Fung E, et al. Comparison of organ dysfunction in transfused patients with SCD or beta thalassemia. American journal of hematology. 2005; 80(1): 70–74. DOI: 10.1002/ajh.20402
- Vidergor G, Goldfarb AW, Glaser B, Dresner-Pollak R. Growth hormone reserve in adult beta thalassemia patients. Endocrine. 2007; 31(1): 33–37. DOI: 10.1007/s12020-007-0018-7
- Vogiatzi MG, Macklin EA, Trachtenberg FL, et al. Differences in the prevalence of growth, endocrine and vitamin D abnormalities among the various thalassaemia syndromes in North America. British journal of haematology. 2009; 146(5): 546–556. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2009.07793.x
- Wu KH, Tsai FJ, Peng CT. Growth hormone (GH) deficiency in patients with beta-thalassemia major and the efficacy of recombinant GH treatment. Annals of hematology. 2003; 82(10): 637–640. DOI: 10.1007/s00277-003-0712-3
- Yaman A, Isik P, Yarali N, et al. Common complications in beta-thalassemia patients. UHOD – Uluslararasi Hematoloji-Onkoloji Dergisi. 2013; 23(3): 193–199. DOI: 10.4999/uhod.12005
- Yassin MA, Soliman AT, De Sanctis V, et al. Statural Growth and Prevalence of Endocrinopathies in Relation to Liver Iron Content (LIC) in Adult Patients with Beta Thalassemia Major (BTM) and Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). Acta bio-medica: Atenei Parmensis. 2018; 89(2-s): 33–40.
- Yin XL, Wu ZK, He YY, Zhou TH, Zhou YL, Zhang XH. Treatment and complications of thalassemia major in Guangxi, Southern China. Pediatric blood & cancer. 2011; 57(7): 1174–1178. DOI: 10.1002/pbc.23101
- Taher AT, Saliba AN. Iron overload in thalassemia: different organs at different rates. Hematology 2014, the American Society of Hematology Education Program Book. 2017; 2017(1): 265–271. DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2017.1.265
- Eghbali A, Taherahmadi H, Shahbazi M, Bagheri B, Ebrahimi L. Association between serum ferritin level, cardiac and hepatic T2-star MRI in patients with major β-thalassemia. Iranian journal of pediatric hematology and oncology. 2014; 4(1): 17.
- Azami M, Nikpay S, Abangah G, Sayehmiri K. Evaluation of the incidence of splenectomy and frequency of regular iron chelation therapy in patients with thalassemia Major in Iran: a meta-analysis. Scientific Journal of Iran Blood Transfus Organ. 2016; 13(2): 146–155.
- Casale M, Citarella S, Filosa A, et al. Endocrine function and bone disease during long-term chelation therapy with deferasirox in patients with thalassemia major. American journal of hematology. 2014; 89(12): 1102–1106. DOI: 10.1002/ajh.23844
- Rodda C, Reld E, Johnson S, Doery J, Matthews R, Bowden D. Short stature in homozygous thalassaemia is due to disproportionate truncal shortening. Clinical endocrinology. 1995; 42(6): 587–592. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.1995.tb02684.x
- De Sanctis V. Growth and puberty and its management in thalassaemia. Hormone research. 2002; 58 Suppl 1: 72–79. DOI: 10.1159/000064766
- Tiosano D, Hochberg Z. Endocrine complications of thalassemia. Journal of endocrinological investigation. 2001; 24(9): 716–723. DOI: 10.1007/BF03343916
- De P, Mistry R, Wright C, et al. A review of endocrine disorders in thalassaemia. Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases. 2014; 2014.
- Marsella M, Pepe A, Borgna-Pignatti C. Better survival and less cardiac morbidity in female patients with thalassemia major: a review of the literature. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2010; 1202(1): 129–133. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05588.x
- Pepe A, Gamberini MR, Missere M, et al. Gender differences in the development of cardiac complications: a multicentre study in a large cohort of thalassaemia major patients to optimize the timing of cardiac follow-up. British journal of haematology. 2018; 180(6): 879–888. DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15125
- Hashemi A, Ghilian R, Golestan M, Akhavan GM, Zare Z, Dehghani MA. The study of growth in thalassemic patients and its correlation with serum ferritin level. 2011.
- Hamidah A, Arini M, Zarina A, Zulkifli S, Jamal R. Growth velocity in transfusion dependent prepubertal thalassemia patients: results from a thalassemia center in Malaysia. The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health. 2008; 39(5): 900–905.
- Borgna-Pignatti C, Gamberini MR. Complications of thalassemia major and their treatment. Expert review of hematology. 2011; 4(3): 353–366. DOI: 10.1586/ehm.11.29
- Cario H, Stahnke K, Sander S, Kohne E. Epidemiological situation and treatment of patients with thalassemia major in Germany: results of the German multicenter β-thalassemia study. Annals of hematology. 2000; 79(1): 7–12. DOI: 10.1007/s002770050002
- Hassan T, Zakaria M, Fathy M, et al. Association between genotype and disease complications in Egyptian patients with beta thalassemia: A Cross-sectional study. Scientific reports. 2018; 8(1): 1–9. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36175-9
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.3184 | Journal eISSN: 2214-9996
Language: English
Published on: Jun 8, 2021
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
© 2021 Morteza Arab-Zozani, Setare Kheyrandish, Amirhossein Rastgar, Ebrahim Miri-Moghadam, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.