Climate, Air Quality and Their Contribution to Cardiovascular Disease Morbidity and Mortality in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
References
- Yuyun MF, Sliwa K, Kengne AP, Mocumbi AO, Bukhman G. Cardiovascular diseases in sub-Saharan Africa compared to high-income countries: An epidemiological perspective. Global Heart. 2020;15(1):15. DOI: 10.5334/gh.403
- Amegah AK. Tackling the growing burden of cardiovascular diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: Need for dietary guidelines. Circulation. 2018;138(22):2449–2451. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.037367
- World Health Organization (WHO). Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) [Internet]. World Health Organization; 2021. Available from:
https://www.who.int/health-topics/cardiovascular-diseases#tab=tab_1 . - UN Environment Programme (UNEP). Pollution Action Note – Data you need to know [Internet]. UN Environment Programme; 2023. Available from:
https://www.unep.org/interactives/air-pollution-note/ . - World Health Organization (WHO). Air pollution [Internet]. World Health Organization; 2024. Available from:
https://www.who.int/health-topics/air-pollution#tab=tab_1 . - Shrivastav A, Swetanshu, Singh P. The impact of environmental toxins on cardiovascular diseases. Current Problems in Cardiology. 2023;49:102120. DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102120
- United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Air pollution and cardiovascular disease basics [Internet]. United States Environmental Protection Agency; 2024. Available from:
https://www.epa.gov/air-research/air-pollution-and-cardiovascular-disease-basics . - Peña MSB, Rollins A. Environmental exposures and cardiovascular disease: A challenge for health and development in low-and middle-income countries. Cardiology Clinics. 2017;35(1):71–86. DOI: 10.1016/j.ccl.2016.09.001
- Brunekreef B, Holgate ST. Air pollution and health. The Lancet. 2002;360(9341):1233–1242. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11274-8
- Katsouyanni K. Ambient air pollution and health. British Medical Bulletin. 2003;68(1):143–156. DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldg028
- Landrigan PJ. Air pollution and health. The Lancet Public Health. 2017;2(1):e4–e5. DOI: 10.1016/S2468-2667(16)30023-8
- Schwela D. Air pollution and health in urban areas. Reviews on Environmental Health. 2000;15(1–2):13–42. DOI: 10.1515/REVEH.2000.15.1-2.13
- World Health Organization (WHO). Air quality, energy and health [Internet]. World Health Organization; 2024. Available from:
https://www.who.int/teams/environment-climate-change-and-health/air-quality-energy-and-health . - Wong GWK. Air pollution and health. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. 2014;2(1):8–9. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(13)70284-4
- Nadadur SS, Hollingsworth JW. Air pollution and health effects. London: Springer; 2015. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-6669-6
- Lee KK, Bing R, Kiang J, Bashir S, Spath N, Stelzle D, et al. Adverse health effects associated with household air pollution: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and burden estimation study. The Lancet Global Health. 2020;8(11):e1427–e1434. DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30343-0
- Siddharthan T, Grigsby MR, Goodman D, Chowdhury M, Rubinstein A, Irazola V, et al. Association between household air pollution exposure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease outcomes in 13 low-and middle-income country settings. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 2018;197(5):611–620. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201709-1861OC
- Khan MN, Nurs CZB, Islam MM, Islam MR, Rahman MM. Household air pollution from cooking and risk of adverse health and birth outcomes in Bangladesh: a nationwide population-based study. Environmental Health. 2017;16:1–8. DOI: 10.1186/s12940-017-0272-y
- Qui Y, Yang FA, Lai W. The impact of indoor air pollution on health outcomes and cognitive abilities: empirical evidence from China. Population and Environment. 2019;40:388–410. DOI: 10.1007/s11111-019-00317-6
- Cheng X, Su H. Effects of climatic temperature stress on cardiovascular diseases. European Journal of Internal Medicine. 2010;21(3):164–167. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2010.03.001
- De Blois J, Kjellstrom T, Agewall S, Ezekowitz JA, Armstrong PW, Atar D. The effects of climate change on cardiac health. Cardiology. 2015;131(4):209–217. DOI: 10.1159/000398787
- Faeh D, Moser A, Panczak R, Bopp M, Röösli M, Spoerri A, et al. Independent at heart: Persistent association of altitude with ischaemic heart disease mortality after consideration of climate, topography and built environment. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 2016;70(8):798–806. DOI: 10.1136/jech-2015-206210
- Jalali S, Karbakhsh M, Momeni M, Taheri M, Amini S, Mansourian M. Long-term exposure to PM 2.5 and cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality in an Eastern Mediterranean country: findings based on a 15-year cohort study. Environmental Health. 2021;20(1):1–16. DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00797-w
- Stewart S, Keates AK, Redfern A, McMurray JJV. Seasonal variations in cardiovascular disease. Nature Reviews Cardiology. 2017;14(11):654–664. DOI: 10.1038/nrcardio.2017.76
- Doku AK, Tetteh J, Edzeame J, Peters RJG, Agyemang C, Otchi EH, et al. The Ghana Heart Initiative–a health system strengthening approach as index intervention model to solving Ghana’s cardiovascular disease burden. Frontiers in Public Health. 2024;12:1330708. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1330708
- Ouzzani M, Hammady H, Fedorowicz Z, Elmagarmid A. Rayyan—a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Systematic Reviews. 2016;5:1–10. DOI: 10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4
- van de Schoot R, de Bruin J, Schram R, Zahedi P. An open source machine learning framework for efficient and transparent systematic reviews. Nature Machine Intelligence. 2021;3(2):125–133. DOI: 10.1038/s42256-020-00287-7
- Study Quality Assessment Tools.
https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/study-quality-assessment-tools . 2017, Accessed. - Begg CB, Mazumdar M. Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias. Biometrics. 1994;50(4):1088–1101. DOI: 10.2307/2533446
- R Core Team. R language definition [Internet]. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2000. Available from:
https://cran.r-project.org/doc/manuals/r-release/R-lang.html . - Giang PN, Dung DV, Giang KB, Vinhc HV, Rocklöv J. The effect of temperature on cardiovascular disease hospital admissions among elderly people in Thai Nguyen Province, Vietnam. Global Health Action. 2014;7(1):23649. DOI: 10.3402/gha.v7.23649
- Amsalu E, Wang T, Li H, Liu Y, Wang A, Liu X, et al. Acute effects of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) on hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease in Beijing, China: A time-series study. Environmental Health. 2019;18 1–12. DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0506-2
- Buadong D, Jinsart W, Funatagawa I, Karita K, Yano E. Association between PM10 and O3 levels and hospital visits for cardiovascular diseases in Bangkok, Thailand. Journal of Epidemiology. 2009;19(4):182–188. DOI: 10.2188/jea.JE20080047
- Su C, Breitner S, Schneider A, Liu L, Franck U, Peters A, et al. Short-term effects of fine particulate air pollution on cardiovascular hospital emergency room visits: A time-series study in Beijing, China. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. 2016;89(4):641–657. DOI: 10.1007/s00420-015-1102-6
- de Freitas CU, de Leon AP, Juger W, Gouveia N. Air pollution and its impacts on health in Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil. Revista de saude publica. 2016;50:4. DOI: 10.1590/S1518-8787.2016050005909
- Tong L, Li K, Zhou Q. Promoted relationship of cardiovascular morbidity with air pollutants in a typical Chinese urban area. PLoS One. 2014;9(9):
e108076 . DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108076 - Makunyane MS, Rautenbach H, Sweijd N, Botai J, Wichmann J. Health risks of temperature variability on hospital admissions in Cape Town, 2011–2016. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023;20(2):1159. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021159
- Phosri A, Ueda K, Phung VLH, Tawatsupa B, Honda A, Takano H. Effects of ambient air pollution on daily hospital admissions for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in Bangkok, Thailand. Science of the Total environment. 2019;651:1144–1153. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.183
- Phung D, Hien TT, Linh HN, Luong LMT, Morawska L, Chu C, et al. Air pollution and risk of respiratory and cardiovascular hospitalizations in the most populous city in Vietnam. Science of the Total Environment. 2016;557–558:322–330. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.070
- Rahman MM, Garcia E, Lim CC, Ghazipura M, Alam N, Palinkas LA. Temperature variability associations with cardiovascular and respiratory emergency department visits in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Environment International. 2022;164:107267. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107267
- Zhang J, Chen Q, Wang Q, Ding Z, Sun H, Xu Y. The acute health effects of ozone and PM2. 5 on daily cardiovascular disease mortality: A multi-center time series study in China. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2019;174:218–223. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.085
- Ma Y, Zhao Y, Yang S, Zhou J, Xin J, Wang S, et al. Short-term effects of ambient air pollution on emergency room admissions due to cardiovascular causes in Beijing, China. Environmental Pollution. 2017;230:974–980. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.104
- Phosri A, Sihabut T, Jaikanlaya C. Short-term effects of diurnal temperature range on hospital admission in Bangkok, Thailand. Science of the Total environment. 2020;717:137202. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137202
- Karbakhsh M, Mansourian M, Taheri M, Rabiei K, Hosseini SM, Rahimi M, et al. Outdoor fine and coarse particles and hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases: A large-scale case-crossover study. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health. 2022;15(9):1679–1693. DOI: 10.1007/s11869-022-01212-0
- Khan R, Konishi S, Ng CFS, Umezaki M, Kabir AF, Tasmin S, et al. Association between short-term exposure to fine particulate matter and daily emergency room visits at a cardiovascular hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Science of the Total Environment. 2019;646:1030–1036. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.288
- Liu H, Tian Y, Xiang X, Li M, Wu Y, Cao Y, et al. Association of short-term exposure to ambient carbon monoxide with hospital admissions in China. Scientific Reports. 2018;8(1):13336. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31434-1
- Li H, Wu J, Wang A, Li X, Chen S, Wang T, et al. Effects of ambient carbon monoxide on daily hospitalizations for cardiovascular disease: a time-stratified case-crossover study of 460,938 cases in Beijing, China from 2013 to 2017. Environmental Health. 2018;17:1–11. DOI: 10.1186/s12940-018-0429-3
- Cheng J, Xu Z, Zhang X, Zhao H, Hu W. Estimating cardiovascular hospitalizations and associated expenses attributable to ambient carbon monoxide in Lanzhou, China: Scientific evidence for policy making. Science of the Total Environment. 2019;682:514–522. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.110
- Ji H, Chen Q, Wu R, Xu J, Chen X, Du L, et al. Indoor solid fuel use for cooking and the risk of incidental non-fatal cardiovascular disease among middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open. 2022. 12(5):
e054170 . DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054170 - Liu L, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Luo S, Zhang Y. Long-term exposure to fine particulate constituents and cardiovascular diseases in Chinese adults. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2021;416:126051. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126051
- Mai X, Zhou H, Li Y, Huang X, Yang T. Associations between ambient fine particulate (PM2. 5) exposure and cardiovascular disease: findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2022;29(9):13114–13121. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16541-3
- Wen HX, Nie P, Liu M, Peng R, Guo T, Wang C, et al. Multi-health effects of clean residential heating: evidences from rural China’s coal-to-gas/electricity project. Energy for Sustainable Development. 2023;73:66–75. DOI: 10.1016/j.esd.2023.01.013
- Wang K, Yuan Y, Wang Q, Yang Z, Zhan Y, Wang Y. Incident risk and burden of cardiovascular diseases attributable to long-term NO2 exposure in Chinese adults. Environment International. 2023;178:108060. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108060
- Liu Y, Ning N, Sun T, Guan H, Liu Z, Yang W, et al. Association between solid fuel use and nonfatal cardiovascular disease among middle-aged and older adults: findings from the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS). Science of the Total Environment. 2023;856:159035. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159035
- Zhu L, Fang J, Yao Y, Yang Z, Wu J, Zongwei M, et al. Long-term ambient ozone exposure and incident cardiovascular diseases: National cohort evidence in China. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2024;471:134158. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134158
- Dong GH, Qian ZM, Wang J, Chen W, Ma W, Trevathan E, et al. Associations between ambient air pollution and prevalence of stroke and cardiovascular diseases in 33 Chinese communities. Atmospheric Environment. 2013;77:968–973. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.06.034
- Zhang Y, Huang W, London SJ, Song G, Chen G, Jiang L, et al. Ozone and daily mortality in Shanghai, China. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2006;114(8):1227–1232. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9014
- Tam WWS, Wong TW, Chair SY, Wong AHS. Diurnal temperature range and daily cardiovascular mortalities among the elderly in Hong Kong. Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health. 2009;64(3):202–206. DOI: 10.1080/19338240903241192
- Cao J, Yang C, Li J, Chen R, Chen B, Gu D. Association between long-term exposure to outdoor air pollution and mortality in China: A cohort study. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2011;186(2–3):1594–1600. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.036
- Chen R, Huang W, Wong CM, Wang Z, Thach TQ, Chen B, et al. Short-term exposure to sulfur dioxide and daily mortality in 17 Chinese cities: the China air pollution and health effects study (CAPES). Environmental Research. 2012;118:101–106. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.07.003
- Geng F, Hua J, Mu Z, Peng L, Xu X, Chen R, et al. Differentiating the associations of black carbon and fine particle with daily mortality in a Chinese city. Environmental Research. 2013;120:27–32. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.08.007
- Wang C, Chen R, Kuang X, Duan X, Kan H. Temperature and daily mortality in Suzhou, China: a time series analysis. Science of the Total Environment. 2014;466–467:985–990. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.011
- Han J, Liu S, Zhang J, Zhou L, Fang Q, Zhang J, et al. The impact of temperature extremes on mortality: a time-series study in Jinan, China. BMJ Open. 2017;7(4):
e014741 . DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014741 - Chen C, Zhu P, Lan L, Zhou L, Liu R, Sun Q, et al. Short-term exposures to PM2.5 and cause-specific mortality of cardiovascular health in China. Environmental Research. 2018;161:188–194. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.046
- Chen R, Yin P, Meng X, Wang L, Liu C, Niu Y, et al. Associations between ambient nitrogen dioxide and daily cause-specific mortality: evidence from 272 Chinese cities. Epidemiology. 2018;29(4):482–489. DOI: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000829
- Liu C, Yin P, Chen R, Meng X, Wang L, Niu Y, et al. Ambient carbon monoxide and cardiovascular mortality: a nationwide time-series analysis in 272 cities in China. The Lancet Planetary Health. 2018;2(1):e12–e18. DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(17)30181-X
- Wu R, Zhong L, Huang X, Xu H, Liu S, Feng B, et al. Temporal variations in ambient particulate matter reduction associated short-term mortality risks in Guangzhou, China: A time-series analysis (2006–2016). Science of the Total Environment. 2018;645:491–498. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.091
- Liu M, Xue X, Zhou B, Zhang Y, Sun B, Chen J, et al. Population susceptibility differences and effects of air pollution on cardiovascular mortality: Epidemiological evidence from a time-series study. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2019;26:15943–15952. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04960-2
- Duan Y, Liao Y, Li H, Yan S, Shao Z, Yu S, et al. Effect of changes in season and temperature on cardiovascular mortality associated with nitrogen dioxide air pollution in Shenzhen, China. Science of the Total Environment. 2019;697:134051. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134051
- Iranpour S, Khodakarim S, Shahsavani A, Khosravi A, Etemad K. Modification of the effect of ambient air temperature on cardiovascular and respiratory mortality by air pollution in Ahvaz, Iran. Epidemiology and Health. 2020;42:
e2020053 . DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2020053 - Khosravi T, Hadei M, Hopke PK, Namvar Z, Shahsavani A, Nazari SSH, et al. Association of short-term exposure to air pollution with mortality in a middle eastern tourist city. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health. 2020;13:1223–1234. DOI: 10.1007/s11869-020-00875-x
- Zhou H, Geng H, Dong C, Bai T. The short-term harvesting effects of ambient particulate matter on mortality in Taiyuan elderly residents: A time-series analysis with a generalized additive distributed lag model. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2021;207:111235. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111235
- Li M, Dong H, Wang B, Zhao W, Sakhvidi MJZ, Li L, et al. Association between ambient ozone pollution and mortality from a spectrum of causes in Guangzhou, China. Science of the Total Environment. 2021;754:142110. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142110
- Zia Y, Shi C, Li Y, Jiang X, Ruan S, Gao X, et al. Effects of ambient temperature on mortality among elderly residents of Chengdu city in Southwest China, 2016–2020: A distributed-lag non-linear time series analysis. BMC Public Health. 2023;23(1):149. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14931-x
- Olutola BG, Mwase NS, Shirinde J, Wichmann J. Apparent temperature modifies the effects of air pollution on cardiovascular disease mortality in Cape Town, South Africa. Climate. 2023;11(2):30. DOI: 10.3390/cli11020030
- Wichmann J, Voyi K. Ambient air pollution exposure and respiratory, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality in Cape Town, South Africa: 2001–2006. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2012;9(11):3978–4016. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph9113978
- Wong CM, Lai HK, Tsang H, Thach TQ, Thomas GN, Lam KBH, et al. Satellite-based estimates of long-term exposure to fine particles and association with mortality in elderly Hong Kong residents. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2015;123(11):1167–1172. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1408264
- Yu K, Qiu G, Chan KH, Lam KBH, Kurmi OP, Bennett DA, et al. Association of solid fuel use with risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in rural China. JAMA. 2018;319(13):1351–1361. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2018.2151
- Yang Y, Tang R, Qui H, Lai PC, Wong P, Thach TQ, et al. Long term exposure to air pollution and mortality in an elderly cohort in Hong Kong. Environment International. 2018;117:99–106. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.04.034
- Arku RE, Brauer M, Duong M, Wei L, Hu B, Tse LA, et al. Adverse health impacts of cooking with kerosene: a multi-country analysis within the prospective urban and rural epidemiology study. Environmental Research. 2020;188:109851. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109851
- Liang R, Chen R, Yin P, van Donkelaar A, Martin RV, Burnett R, et al. Associations of long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and its constituents with cardiovascular mortality: A prospective cohort study in China. Environment International. 2022;162:107156. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107156
- Liu S, Zhang Y, Ma R, Liu X, Liang J, Lin H, et al. Long-term exposure to ozone and cardiovascular mortality in a large Chinese cohort. Environment International. 2022;165:107280. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107280
- Niu Y, Zhou Y, Chen R, Yin P, Meng X, Wang W, et al. Long-term exposure to ozone and cardiovascular mortality in China: a nationwide cohort study. The Lancet Planetary Health. 2022;6(6):e496–e503. DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00093-6
- Liang F, Liu F, Huang K, Yang X, Li J, Xiao Q, et al. Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and cardiovascular disease in China. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2020;75(7):707–717. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.12.031
- Xia Y, Liu Z, Hu B, Rangarajan S, Tse LA, Li Y, et al. Associations of outdoor fine particulate air pollution and cardiovascular disease: Results from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology Study in China (PURE-China). Environment International. 2023;174:107829. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107829
- Yao C, Wang Y, Williams C, Xu C, Kartsonaki C, Lin Y, et al. The association between high particulate matter pollution and daily cause-specific hospital admissions: a time-series study in Yichang, China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020;27(5):5240–5250. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06734-2
- Yang C, Yang H, Guo S, Wang Z, Xu X, Duan X, et al. Alternative ozone metrics and daily mortality in Suzhou: the China Air Pollution and Health Effects Study (CAPES). Science of the Total Environment. 2012;426:83–89. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.03.036
- Lee BJ, Kim B, Lee K. Air pollution exposure and cardiovascular disease. Toxicological Research. 2014;30(2):71–75. DOI: 10.5487/TR.2014.30.2.071
- Guo J, Chai G, Song X, Hui X, Li Z, Feng X, et al. Long-term exposure to particulate matter on cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in low-and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Public Health. 2023;11:1134341. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1134341
- Sharma S, Chandra M, Kota SH. Health effects associated with PM 2.5: A systematic review. Current Pollution Reports. 2020;6:345–367. DOI: 10.1007/s40726-020-00155-3
- Mills IC, Atkinson RW, Kang S, Walton H, Anderson HR. Quantitative systematic review of the associations between short-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide and mortality and hospital admissions. BMJ Open. 2015;5(5):
e006946 . DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006946 - Chen Z, Liu N, Tang H, Gao X, Zhang Y, Kan H, et al. Health effects of exposure to sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and carbon monoxide between 1980 and 2019: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Indoor Air. 2022;32(11):
e13170 . DOI: 10.1111/ina.13170 - Collart P, Dubourg D, Levêque A, Sierra NB, Coppieters Y. Short-term effects of nitrogen dioxide on hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease in Wallonia, Belgium. International Journal of Cardiology. 2018;255:231–236. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.12.058
- Wang M, Li H, Huang S, Qian Y, Steenland K, Xie Y, et al. Short-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Environmental Research. 2021;202:111766. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111766
- Anderson HR, Atkinson RW, Bremner SA, Carrington J, Peacock J. Quantitative systematic review of short term associations between ambient air pollution (particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide), and mortality and morbidity. London: Division of Community Health Sciences, St. George’s University of London; 2007 June. 706 p.
- Wu K, Ho HC, Su H, Huang C, Zheng H, Zhang W, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of intraday effects of ambient air pollution and temperature on cardiorespiratory morbidities: First few hours of exposure matters to life. EBio Medicine. 2022;86:104327. DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104327
- Huang S, Li H, Wang M, Qian Y, Steenland K, Caudle WM, et al. Long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Science of the Total Environment. 2021;776:145968. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145968
- Hystad P, Duong M, Brauer M, Larkin A, Arku R, Kurmi OP, et al. Health effects of household solid fuel use: findings from 11 countries within the prospective urban and rural epidemiology study. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2019;127(5):057003. DOI: 10.1289/EHP3915
- Moghadamnia MT, Ardalan A, Mesdaghinia A, Keshtkar A, Naddafi K, Yekaninejad MS. Ambient temperature and cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PeerJ. 2017;5:
e3574 . DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3574 - Phung D, Thai PK, Guo Y, Morawska L, Rutherford S, Chu C. Ambient temperature and risk of cardiovascular hospitalization: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Science of the Total Environment. 2016;550:1084–1102. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.154
- Moslehi S, Dowlati M. Effects of extreme ambient temperature on cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review. Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development. 2021;6(4):1407–1418. DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v6i4.8148
- Fan JF, Xiao YC, Feng YF, Niu LY, Tan X, Sun JC, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of cold exposure and cardiovascular disease outcomes. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2023;10:1084611. DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1084611
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/gh.1409 | Journal eISSN: 2211-8179
Language: English
Submitted on: Nov 12, 2024
Accepted on: Feb 13, 2025
Published on: Mar 27, 2025
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
© 2025 Stephaney Gyaase, Solomon Nyame, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Kwaku Poku Asante, George S. Downward, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.