Figure 1
The expected set of domain-general and domain-specific skills per age range, representing the first year of preschool (Petite Section, 3 years), the third and last year of preschool (Grande Section, 5 years) and the second year of primary school (CE1, 7 years).
Table 1
Descriptive statistics for all tasks and demographic information per cohort.
| COHORT 1 (N = 154; 75 MALES) | COHORT 2 (N = 171; 74 MALES) | COHORT 3 (N = 157; 87 MALES) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | RANGE | M | SD | RANGE | M | SD | RANGE | |
| Age (months) | 43.89 | 3.57 | 37–50 | 66.97 | 3.58 | 58–74 | 89.73 | 4.65 | 77–108 |
| Tedi-math | 0.33 | 0.14 | 0.13–0.85 | 0.55 | 0.24 | 0.10–1 | 0.82 | 0.16 | 0.13–1 |
| Panamath | 72.44 | 15.12 | 37.7–98.2 | 77.75 | 10.41 | 34.4–100 | 84.76 | 8.77 | 59.2–98.6 |
| NS addition | 0.64 | 0.12 | 0.39–0.89 | 0.74 | 0.11 | 0.28–0.96 | 0.82 | 0.08 | 0.50–0.98 |
| Cancel/BST | 18.06 | 9.66 | 0–41 | 42.29 | 127.07 | –530–392 | 18.24 | 89.81 | –223–388 |
| Posner/ANT | – | – | – | 25.75 | 117.63 | –463–412 | 58.37 | 83.87 | –186–267 |
| Corsi | 1.97 | 0.78 | 1–4 | 3.5 | 0.94 | 1–6 | 4.24 | 0.97 | 1–8 |
| Education 1 | 2.86 | 0.56 | 1–4 | 2.69 | 0.76 | 1–4 | 2.77 | 0.71 | 1–4 |
| Education 2 | 2.80 | 0.58 | 1–4 | 2.69 | 0.72 | 1–4 | 2.69 | 0.70 | 1–4 |
Table 2
Summary of regression analysis for variables related to mathematics in Cohort 1.
| PREDICTORS | B | SE | T | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (months) | .005 | .003 | 1.49 | .139 |
| Edu_1 (SES) | .029 | .022 | 1.27 | .208 |
| Edu_2 (SES) | –.002 | .020 | –0.08 | .936 |
| Panamath (magnitude comparison) | .003 | .001 | 3.26 | .001 |
| NS addition (magnitude addition) | .180 | .103 | 1.74 | .084 |
| Cancellation (inhibition) | .002 | .002 | 1.64 | .111 |
| Corsi (visuospatial memory) | .022 | .015 | 1.49 | .139 |
Table 3
Summary of regression analysis for variables related to mathematics in cohort 2.
| PREDICTORS | B | SE | T | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (months) | .003 | .005 | 0.72 | .471 |
| Edu_1 (SES) | .022 | .032 | 0.69 | .489 |
| Edu_2 (SES) | .057 | .036 | 1.59 | .117 |
| Panamath (magnitude comparison) | .004 | .002 | 2.31 | .022 |
| NS addition (magnitude addition) | .369 | .160 | 2.30 | .023 |
| BST (inhibition) | .000 | .000 | 0.91 | .365 |
| ANT (spatial attention) | –.000 | .000 | –0.16 | .869 |
| Corsi (visuospatial memory) | .081 | .019 | 4.33 | <.001 |
Table 4
Summary of regression analysis for variables related to mathematics in cohort 3.
| PREDICTORS | B | SE | T | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (months) | .005 | .002 | 1.89 | .061 |
| Edu_1 (SES) | .043 | .021 | 2.04 | .045 |
| Edu_2 (SES) | .044 | .023 | 1.94 | .059 |
| Panamath (magnitude comparison) | .004 | .001 | 3.18 | .002 |
| NS addition (magnitude addition) | .370 | .141 | 2.63 | .010 |
| BST (inhibition) | –.000 | .000 | –1.05 | .298 |
| ANT (spatial attention) | .000 | .000 | 1.32 | .190 |
| Corsi (visuospatial memory) | .016 | .011 | 1.39 | .166 |
Figure 2
Display of Holm-Bonferroni corrected significant (green) and non-significant (red hatched) variables related to separate maths subtests per cohort.
Figure 3
Comparison of the set of hypothesised significant skills to the set of actual significant domain-general and domain-specific skills per age range related to overall mathematics score, representing the first year of preschool (Petite Section, 3 years), the third and last year of preschool (Grande Section, 5 years) and the second year of primary school (CE1, 7 years).